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World History > Chap. 13 > Flashcards

Chap. 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the lowest ranking members of the clergy?

A

the priests

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2
Q

The treaty of Verdun resulted in…

A

the end of the Carolingian rule in Europe

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3
Q

In 1100, the Holy Roman Empire covered most of?

A

present-day Germany

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4
Q

What is the bargin between a lord and a vassal?

A

the lord grants the vassal land in exchange for military service

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5
Q

What is the name of the piece of land given to the vassals?

A

fief

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6
Q

What are troubadours?

A

poet-musicians

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7
Q

Who are the three masters Knights defend?

A

his feudal lord, heavenly Lord, and his chosen lady

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8
Q

What were the forces holding the feudal society together?

A

a set of mutual social obligations and the teachings of the church

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9
Q

What two weapons did the Pope use against kings?

A

excommunication and interdict

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10
Q

Why was interdict an effective weapon of the Pope against the king?

A

it cost the king the loyalty of his people and …

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11
Q

How were feudalism and manor system related?

A

both created divisions among people, but shared beliefs in the teaching of the Church bonded people together

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12
Q

a power struggle between the Church and the Holy Roman Emperor

A

Concordat of Worms

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13
Q

what did Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII fight over?

A

secular appointment of bishops

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14
Q

the decline in learning is because the Germanic invaders could not…

A

read or write

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14
Q

Clovis was the leader of who and what did he being to the region?

A

the Franks and Christianity

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15
Q

What were monasteries?

A

religious communities built by the Church

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16
Q

What part of Europe’s kingdoms did the Franks control?

A

Gaul

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17
Q

Charles Martel defeated Muslim raiders from Spain at?

A

The Battle of Tours

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18
Q

Charlemagne

A

…

19
Q

Who crowned Charlemagne “Roman Emperor”?

A

Pope Leo III

20
Q

Who invaded the Carolingian Empire? (3)

A

the Muslims, Magyar, and the Vikings

21
Q

The Viking reign of terror ended around the time…

A

Leif Ericson reached North America

22
Q

What caused feudalism?

A

constant invasions; kings could not defend their lands; people wanted security; turned to local rulers

23
Q

a system based on rights and obligations?

A

feudalism

24
Q

… granted a … to a …

A

lord, fief, vassal

25
Q

The Feudal Pyramid

A

on top: the king

next: the most powerful vassals (nobles & bishops)
next: Knights
bottom: peasants

26
Q

serfs

A

people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born

27
Q

manor

A

the lord’s estate

28
Q

manor systems

A

basic economic arrangement; rights and obligations between a lord and his serfs; self-sufficient

29
Q

peasants had to pay taxes for…

A

all the grain ground at the lord’s mill, marriage, etc.

30
Q

tithe

A

a church tax

31
Q

power based on status

A

Church

32
Q

700s European military

A

stirrups, saddle, warhorses

33
Q

code of chivalry

A

set of expectations or rules for knights

34
Q

Under the Code of Chivalry, knights were rarely punished for…

A

brutality to the weak

35
Q

tournaments

A

used for recreation and training; fierce bloody competitions

36
Q

The Structure of the Church

A

top: Pope
next: the clergy (bishops and priests)
bottom: priests

37
Q

important religious ceremonies

A

sacraments (achieving salvation)

38
Q

Church law in matters such as marraige and religious practices

A

canon law

39
Q

Holy Roman Empire

A

German-Italian empire created by Otto I

40
Q

in lay investiture who appointed church officials?

A

kings and nobles

41
Q

in controlling lay investiture, they had the power to…

A

name the bishops (very influential clergy)

42
Q

the terms of the Concordat of Worms

A

Church alone could appoint a bishop, but emperor could veto the appointment

43
Q

Who was nicknames “Barbarossa” for his red beard

A

Fredrick I

44
Q

two reasons the feudal states of Germany did not unify

A

further clashes with the Pope and the system of German princes electing the king weakened royal authority

World History (13 decks)

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