Chap 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Provable Questions Re: Conclusion

Question stem Keywords:

(p.314)

A
  • Main point
  • Main Conclusion
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2
Q

Provable Questions: Conclusions

What you’re looking for?

A
  • A provable translation of the conclusion.
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3
Q

Provable Questions: Conclusion

  • Role of the loophole.
A
  • You will already know what the conclusion is because you designed your Loophole.
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4
Q

Provable Questions: Conclusion.

  • Question Stem Examples
A
  • Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the argument?
  • Which one of the following most accurately expresses the overall conclusion drawn in the argument.
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5
Q

Provable Question: Conclusions

  • TL; DR Strategy
A
  • Go back up to the stimulus.
  • Bracket the conclusion (if you haven’t already)
  • Translate the conclusion. Repeat the translation to yourself.
  • Find your translation in the answer choices.
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6
Q

Provable Questions: Conclusion

  • Back- up Plan
A

Is this a translation of the conclusion?

  • If yes, choose it.
  • If no, cross it off
  • if you’re not sure, leave it for later.
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7
Q

How to Rock Conclusion Questions:

A
  • Look back up at the stimulus and bracket the conclusion if you haven’t already.
    • Skipping this step to “save time” will result in an unnecessary wrong answer.
  • Translate the conclusion. Repeat that translation to yourself
    • You cant expect the correct answer to always mimic the exact words of the stimulus.
  • Choose the closet approximation of your translation
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8
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

Question Stem Keywords

A
  • If the statement above is true/ from the statement above
  • Must be true/ Follows logically
  • Inference
  • Properly inferred/ properly be concluded properly drawn.
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9
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

  • Question Stem Examples
A
  • If the statement above is true, which one of the following must also be true?
  • Which one of the following statements follows logically from the statement above?
  • Which one of the following can properly be concluded from the information given above?
  • If the statement above are true, which one of the following is an inference that can be properly drawn on the basis of them?
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10
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

  • What you’re looking for?
A
  • The thing you can prove definitely must be true.
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11
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

  • Role of the inference
A
  • It’s the correct answer! YAY!
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12
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

  • TL; DR Strategy
A
  • You already have an Inference
    • Go choose it.
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13
Q

Provable Questions (Inference)

  • Back-up plan
A
  • Does this have to be true?
    • If yes, choose it.
    • If no, cross it off.
    • If you’re not sure, leave it for later.
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14
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Support) MSS.

  • Question Stem Keywords,
A
  • The statements above, if true/ by the information above.
  • most strongly supported
  • most strongly suggests
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15
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS

  • Question Stem Examples.
A
  • Which one if the following is most strongly supported by the information above?
  • The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following?
  • The information above provides the most support for which one of the following statements?
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16
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS

  • Question Stem Keywords.
A
  • The statement above, if true/ by the information above
  • most strongly supported.
  • Most strongly suggest
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17
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS.

  • Question Stem Examples
A
  • Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the information above?
  • The statement above, If true, most strongly support which one of the following?
  • The information above provides the most support for which one of the following statements?
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18
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS

  • What you’re Look for?
A
  • The thing you can prove is very, very, very likely to be true.
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19
Q

Provable Question (Most Strongly Supported) MSS

  • Role of the Inference
A
  • It’s more or less the correct answer. Mini -Yay.
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20
Q

Provable Questions (Most Strongly Support) MSS

  • TL; DR Strategy
A
  • You already have an inference.
  • Go choose it or perhaps a slightly more ambitious approximation of it.
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21
Q

Provable Question (Fill In)

  • Question Stem Keywords
A
  • Completes
  • Concludes
  • a blank at the end of the stimulus
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22
Q

Provable Questions (Fill in)

  • Question Stem Examples
A
  • Which one of the following most logically completes the argument?
  • The conclusion of the argument is strongly supported if which one of the following completes the arguments?
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23
Q

Provable Questions (Fill in)

  • What you’re looking for?
A
  • The thing you can prove completes the author’s thought.
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24
Q

Provable Question (Fill in)

  • Role of the Inference.
A
  • The the correct answer! YAY!
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25
Provable Question (Fill-in) * Back up plan.
* Does this have to be true? * if yes, choose it. * If no, cross it off. * If you're not sure, leave it for later,
26
Provable Question (Controversy) * **_Question Stem Keywords_**
* Point at issue * Point of disagreement * disagree * differing opinions
27
Provable Question **_(Controversy)_** * **_Question Stem Examples_**
* Max Shirn disagree over whether * The statements above provide the most support for holding that Sandra would disagree with Yul about which one the following statements? * Which one of the following os the point at issue between Aubry and Tai? * The exchange between JT and Carolina most strongly supports the view that they disagree.
28
Provable Questions (**_Agreement_**) * ***Question Stem Keywords.***
* Agree on * point of agreement * Committed to agreeing
29
Provable Questions (**Agreement**) * **_Question Stem Examples_**
* On the basis of their statements, Jim and Pam are committed to agreeing about which one of the following? * If Retta and Han are both sincere in what they say, then it can be properly concluded that they agree that.
30
Provable Question (**_Agreement_**) * **_What you're Looking for_**
* The thing you can prove the two speakers agree about
31
Provable Questions (**_Agreement_**) * Role of the Controversy
* Agreement questions hate Controversies. Anything resembling the Controversy is incorrect.
32
Provable Question (**_Agreement_**) * TL; DR Strategy
* You already have a Controversy. * Eliminate any answer choices resembling your Controversy * Find something you can infer both speakers believe is true.
33
Provable Question (**_Necessary Assumption_**) * ***Question Stem Keywords.***
* Any necessary condition indicator: * Necessary/ Depends/ Required/ Relies * Assumes/ Assumption * the conclusion does not follow unless
34
Provable Question (Necessary Question) * **_Question Stem Examples_**
* The argument assumes which one of the following? * Which one of the following is an assumption required by the argument? * Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies? * The argument depends on assuming that
35
Provable Question (Necessary Question) * **_What you're looking for?_**
* The thing you can prove must be true, if the conclusion is true.
36
Provable Question (Necessary Question) * **_Role of the Loophole._**
* The correct answer is the negated version of the Loophole
37
Provable Question (Necessary Question) * **_TL; DR Strategy_**
* you already have a Loophole. * Negate your Loophole. It is now a necessary assumption. * Go find it in the answer choices.
38
Provable Question (Necessary Question) * **_Back-up Plan_**
* If the conclusion is true, does this have to be true? * If yes, choose it * If no, cross it off * If you're not sure, leave it for later.
39
Provable Questions: (**_Method_**) * **_Questions Stem Keywords_**
* Argument proceeds by * Argumentative technique * Method of reasoning * Strategy of argumentation * reponds by * describes
40
Provable Question (**_Method_**) * **_Question Stem Examples._**
* Which one of the following most accurately describes how the arguments proceeds? * Of the following, which one most accurately describes Tom's strategy of argumentation? * The relationship of Denise's response to Malcolm's argument is that Denise's response. * Wendell responds to Domenick's argument by.
41
Provable Question (**_Method_**) * What you're looking for?
* A provable description of what happened in the stimulus
42
Provable Question (**_Method_**) * Role of the Loophole or Controversy.
* You have to know what happen in the Argument to design your Loophole or Controversy. The correct is just what happened in fancy words.
43
Provable Question (**_Method_**) * TL; DR Strategy
* You have a Loophole or a Controversy, so you know what happened. * Go find an find an answer choice that describes what happened.
44
Provable Questions (Method) * **_Back up Plan_**
* Did this happen? * If yes, choose it. * If no, cross it off. * If you're not sure leave it for later.
45
Provable Questions (Argument Part) * **_Question Stem Keywords._**
* Role in the argument * Functions in the argument * argument part * the reference to/ the statement that * quoting a phrase from the stimulus
46
Provable Question (**_Argument Part_**) * **_Question Stem Examples_**
* The reference to the complaint of several centuries ago that powerful memory and extemporaneous eloquence were being destroyed plays which one of the following roles in the argument? * The statement that the law should require explicit safety labels on toys serves which one of the following functions in the consumer advocate's argument?
47
Provable Question (**_Argument Part_**) * **_What you're looking for_**
* A provable description of what the phrase is doing in the argument.
48
Provable Question (**_Argument Part_**) * **_Role of the Loophole_**
* You already know the argument parts because you designed the Loophole.
49
Provable Question (**_Argument Part_**) * **_TL; DR Strategy_**
* Go back up to the stimulus and bracket the phrase they mention in the question stem * Identify the argument part before looking at the answer choices * Find an approximation of the argument part in the answer choices.
50
Provable Question (Argument Part) * Back up Plan
* is this what the phrase is doing? * If yes, choose it. * If no, cross it off. * If you're not sure, leave it for later.
51
Provable Questions (Classic Flaw) * **_Question Stem Keywords_**
* Flaw/ Flawed * Most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it * Questionable technique employed * The reasoning in the argument/ the reasoning above.
52
Provable Question (Classic Flaws) * **_Question Stem Examples_**
* The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the ground that the argument. * Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the reasoning of the argument? * Which one of the following is a questionable technique employed by the producer in responding to the critic?
53
Provable Question (**_Classic Flaw_**) What you're Looking for?
* A provable description of what the argument did wrong
54
Provable Question (Classic Flaw) * **_Role of the Loophole_**
* Classic flaws are just fancy, predictable Loophole. The correct answer to a Classic Flaw question is your classic flaw Loophole.
55
Provable Question (**_Classic Flaw_**) * TL; DR Strategy
* You already have a Loophole; hopefully, it was formed around one of the classic flaws. * Go find and answer choice that describes this classic flaw.
56
Provable Questions (**_Classic Flaw_**) * **_Back up plan._**
* Is this what's wrong with the argument? * If yes, choose it. * If no, cross it off. * If you're not sure, leave it for later.
57
Provable Questions (**_Loophole_**) * Question Stem Keywords
* Most vulnerable to criticism in the grounds that it + {Loophole Flaw Prefix}
58
Provable Questions (**Loophole Flaw**) * LoopHole Flaw Prefixes
* Mistakenly assumes * fails to consider/Establish * presume without providing sufficient justification * take for granted * overlooks the possibility that
59
Provable questions (Loophole Flaw) * Question stem Examples
* The scholars' reasoning is flawed because the scholar **presumes without giving sufficient justification that** * The reasoning in the researcher's argument is questionable in that the argument **overlooks the possibility that** * The advertisement's reading is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it **fails to consider whether.**
60
Provable Question (**_LoopHole Flaw_**) * What you're looking for
* A provable description of the argument overlook your Loophole
61
Provable Question (**_LoopHole_**) * Role of the LoopHole.
* The correct answer to Loophole Flaw calls the argument out for ignoring your LoopHole.
62
Provable Question (**_Loophole Flaw_**) * TL; DR Strategy
* You already have a Loophole. * Go find the answer choice that calls out the argument for assuming your LoopHole isn't a factor.