Chap 10 Flashcards
Provable Questions Re: Conclusion
Question stem Keywords:
(p.314)
- Main point
- Main Conclusion
Provable Questions: Conclusions
What you’re looking for?
- A provable translation of the conclusion.
Provable Questions: Conclusion
- Role of the loophole.
- You will already know what the conclusion is because you designed your Loophole.
Provable Questions: Conclusion.
- Question Stem Examples
- Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the argument?
- Which one of the following most accurately expresses the overall conclusion drawn in the argument.
Provable Question: Conclusions
- TL; DR Strategy
- Go back up to the stimulus.
- Bracket the conclusion (if you haven’t already)
- Translate the conclusion. Repeat the translation to yourself.
- Find your translation in the answer choices.
Provable Questions: Conclusion
- Back- up Plan
Is this a translation of the conclusion?
- If yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off
- if you’re not sure, leave it for later.
How to Rock Conclusion Questions:
- Look back up at the stimulus and bracket the conclusion if you haven’t already.
- Skipping this step to “save time” will result in an unnecessary wrong answer.
- Translate the conclusion. Repeat that translation to yourself
- You cant expect the correct answer to always mimic the exact words of the stimulus.
- Choose the closet approximation of your translation
Provable Questions (Inference)
Question Stem Keywords
- If the statement above is true/ from the statement above
- Must be true/ Follows logically
- Inference
- Properly inferred/ properly be concluded properly drawn.
Provable Questions (Inference)
- Question Stem Examples
- If the statement above is true, which one of the following must also be true?
- Which one of the following statements follows logically from the statement above?
- Which one of the following can properly be concluded from the information given above?
- If the statement above are true, which one of the following is an inference that can be properly drawn on the basis of them?
Provable Questions (Inference)
- What you’re looking for?
- The thing you can prove definitely must be true.
Provable Questions (Inference)
- Role of the inference
- It’s the correct answer! YAY!
Provable Questions (Inference)
- TL; DR Strategy
- You already have an Inference
- Go choose it.
Provable Questions (Inference)
- Back-up plan
- Does this have to be true?
- If yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off.
- If you’re not sure, leave it for later.
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Support) MSS.
- Question Stem Keywords,
- The statements above, if true/ by the information above.
- most strongly supported
- most strongly suggests
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS
- Question Stem Examples.
- Which one if the following is most strongly supported by the information above?
- The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following?
- The information above provides the most support for which one of the following statements?
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS
- Question Stem Keywords.
- The statement above, if true/ by the information above
- most strongly supported.
- Most strongly suggest
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS.
- Question Stem Examples
- Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the information above?
- The statement above, If true, most strongly support which one of the following?
- The information above provides the most support for which one of the following statements?
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Supported) MSS
- What you’re Look for?
- The thing you can prove is very, very, very likely to be true.
Provable Question (Most Strongly Supported) MSS
- Role of the Inference
- It’s more or less the correct answer. Mini -Yay.
Provable Questions (Most Strongly Support) MSS
- TL; DR Strategy
- You already have an inference.
- Go choose it or perhaps a slightly more ambitious approximation of it.
Provable Question (Fill In)
- Question Stem Keywords
- Completes
- Concludes
- a blank at the end of the stimulus
Provable Questions (Fill in)
- Question Stem Examples
- Which one of the following most logically completes the argument?
- The conclusion of the argument is strongly supported if which one of the following completes the arguments?
Provable Questions (Fill in)
- What you’re looking for?
- The thing you can prove completes the author’s thought.
Provable Question (Fill in)
- Role of the Inference.
- The the correct answer! YAY!
Provable Question (Fill-in)
- Back up plan.
- Does this have to be true?
- if yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off.
- If you’re not sure, leave it for later,
Provable Question (Controversy)
- Question Stem Keywords
- Point at issue
- Point of disagreement
- disagree
- differing opinions
Provable Question (Controversy)
- Question Stem Examples
- Max Shirn disagree over whether
- The statements above provide the most support for holding that Sandra would disagree with Yul about which one the following statements?
- Which one of the following os the point at issue between Aubry and Tai?
- The exchange between JT and Carolina most strongly supports the view that they disagree.
Provable Questions (Agreement)
- Question Stem Keywords.
- Agree on
- point of agreement
- Committed to agreeing
Provable Questions (Agreement)
- Question Stem Examples
- On the basis of their statements, Jim and Pam are committed to agreeing about which one of the following?
- If Retta and Han are both sincere in what they say, then it can be properly concluded that they agree that.
Provable Question (Agreement)
- What you’re Looking for
- The thing you can prove the two speakers agree about
Provable Questions (Agreement)
- Role of the Controversy
- Agreement questions hate Controversies. Anything resembling the Controversy is incorrect.
Provable Question (Agreement)
- TL; DR Strategy
- You already have a Controversy.
- Eliminate any answer choices resembling your Controversy
- Find something you can infer both speakers believe is true.
Provable Question (Necessary Assumption)
- Question Stem Keywords.
- Any necessary condition indicator:
- Necessary/ Depends/ Required/ Relies
- Assumes/ Assumption
- the conclusion does not follow unless
Provable Question (Necessary Question)
- Question Stem Examples
- The argument assumes which one of the following?
- Which one of the following is an assumption required by the argument?
- Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
- The argument depends on assuming that
Provable Question (Necessary Question)
- What you’re looking for?
- The thing you can prove must be true, if the conclusion is true.
Provable Question (Necessary Question)
- Role of the Loophole.
- The correct answer is the negated version of the Loophole
Provable Question (Necessary Question)
- TL; DR Strategy
- you already have a Loophole.
- Negate your Loophole. It is now a necessary assumption.
- Go find it in the answer choices.
Provable Question (Necessary Question)
- Back-up Plan
- If the conclusion is true, does this have to be true?
- If yes, choose it
- If no, cross it off
- If you’re not sure, leave it for later.
Provable Questions: (Method)
- Questions Stem Keywords
- Argument proceeds by
- Argumentative technique
- Method of reasoning
- Strategy of argumentation
- reponds by
- describes
Provable Question (Method)
- Question Stem Examples.
- Which one of the following most accurately describes how the arguments proceeds?
- Of the following, which one most accurately describes Tom’s strategy of argumentation?
- The relationship of Denise’s response to Malcolm’s argument is that Denise’s response.
- Wendell responds to Domenick’s argument by.
Provable Question (Method)
- What you’re looking for?
- A provable description of what happened in the stimulus
Provable Question (Method)
- Role of the Loophole or Controversy.
- You have to know what happen in the Argument to design your Loophole or Controversy. The correct is just what happened in fancy words.
Provable Question (Method)
- TL; DR Strategy
- You have a Loophole or a Controversy, so you know what happened.
- Go find an find an answer choice that describes what happened.
Provable Questions (Method)
- Back up Plan
- Did this happen?
- If yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off.
- If you’re not sure leave it for later.
Provable Questions (Argument Part)
- Question Stem Keywords.
- Role in the argument
- Functions in the argument
- argument part
- the reference to/ the statement that
- quoting a phrase from the stimulus
Provable Question (Argument Part)
- Question Stem Examples
- The reference to the complaint of several centuries ago that powerful memory and extemporaneous eloquence were being destroyed plays which one of the following roles in the argument?
- The statement that the law should require explicit safety labels on toys serves which one of the following functions in the consumer advocate’s argument?
Provable Question (Argument Part)
- What you’re looking for
- A provable description of what the phrase is doing in the argument.
Provable Question (Argument Part)
- Role of the Loophole
- You already know the argument parts because you designed the Loophole.
Provable Question (Argument Part)
- TL; DR Strategy
- Go back up to the stimulus and bracket the phrase they mention in the question stem
- Identify the argument part before looking at the answer choices
- Find an approximation of the argument part in the answer choices.
Provable Question (Argument Part)
- Back up Plan
- is this what the phrase is doing?
- If yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off.
- If you’re not sure, leave it for later.
Provable Questions (Classic Flaw)
- Question Stem Keywords
- Flaw/ Flawed
- Most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it
- Questionable technique employed
- The reasoning in the argument/ the reasoning above.
Provable Question (Classic Flaws)
- Question Stem Examples
- The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the ground that the argument.
- Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the reasoning of the argument?
- Which one of the following is a questionable technique employed by the producer in responding to the critic?
Provable Question (Classic Flaw)
What you’re Looking for?
- A provable description of what the argument did wrong
Provable Question (Classic Flaw)
- Role of the Loophole
- Classic flaws are just fancy, predictable Loophole. The correct answer to a Classic Flaw question is your classic flaw Loophole.
Provable Question (Classic Flaw)
- TL; DR Strategy
- You already have a Loophole; hopefully, it was formed around one of the classic flaws.
- Go find and answer choice that describes this classic flaw.
Provable Questions (Classic Flaw)
- Back up plan.
- Is this what’s wrong with the argument?
- If yes, choose it.
- If no, cross it off.
- If you’re not sure, leave it for later.
Provable Questions (Loophole)
- Question Stem Keywords
- Most vulnerable to criticism in the grounds that it + {Loophole Flaw Prefix}
Provable Questions (Loophole Flaw)
- LoopHole Flaw Prefixes
- Mistakenly assumes
- fails to consider/Establish
- presume without providing sufficient justification
- take for granted
- overlooks the possibility that
Provable questions (Loophole Flaw)
- Question stem Examples
- The scholars’ reasoning is flawed because the scholar presumes without giving sufficient justification that
- The reasoning in the researcher’s argument is questionable in that the argument overlooks the possibility that
- The advertisement’s reading is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to consider whether.
Provable Question (LoopHole Flaw)
- What you’re looking for
- A provable description of the argument overlook your Loophole
Provable Question (LoopHole)
- Role of the LoopHole.
- The correct answer to Loophole Flaw calls the argument out for ignoring your LoopHole.
Provable Question (Loophole Flaw)
- TL; DR Strategy
- You already have a Loophole.
- Go find the answer choice that calls out the argument for assuming your LoopHole isn’t a factor.