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Engines Thomas > Chap 1- Engine Principles > Flashcards

Chap 1- Engine Principles Flashcards

1
Q

Newton’s third law

A

For every force acting on a body there is an equal and opposite reaction

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2
Q

What model was used in the history of jet propulsion

A

Aero themo dynamic duct

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3
Q

Modern day jet propulsion

A

Ram jet

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4
Q

How do Propel and jet produce thrust

A

Comes from thrusting backwards a large weight of air

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5
Q

What does a jet propulsion engine achieve

A

Accelerates a stream of air or gas and to expel at high velocity

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6
Q

What must the propeller engine be carefull off with regards to blade speed

A

It is kept below mach 1

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7
Q

What are the 5 types of jet engines

A

A. Rocket
B. Ram jet
C. Pulse jet
D. Tube jet/gas turbine engine
E. Turbo shaft

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8
Q

What jet engine is this :
Slef contained fuel/air mixture
When burnt exhaust is fed through an outlet nozzle no air needed

A

Rocket

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9
Q

What jet engine is this :
Consists of divergent entry or convergent
Or convergent/divergent exit
No rotating parts

A

Ram jet

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10
Q

What jet engine is this :
Similar to ATHODYD but with an added shutter system that help build pressure for combustion

A

Pulse jet

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11
Q

What jet engine is this :
Rotating components inside an ATHODYD that facilitates high pressure rise

A

Turbo jet/gas engine

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12
Q

What jet engine is this :
Gas turbine engine that is used to drive rotating component rather than being used for thrust

A

Turbo shaft

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13
Q

Look at the parts turbo jet engine

A
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14
Q

Basic layout photo of the gas turbine engine

A
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15
Q

What is a single spool and how does it work

A

Single shaft to the compressor
Number of turbine stages depends on power required to drive compressor

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16
Q

What is the highest amount of spool you can have

A

Triple spool

17
Q

Multi spool what is it how does it work

A

For engines with more than one compressor
Spool require a separate turbine for each of the spools
Each spool named after the lvl of pressure:
LP - low pressure
IP - intermediate pressure
HP - high pressure

18
Q

By pass what does it do

A

Allows a percentage of compressor air to flow around the outside the remainder of the engine
Designed to let over 50% = High by pass
Allow less than 50% = low by pass

19
Q

What can the by pass assist in

A

Noise reduction
Reduce fuel consumption

20
Q

What are the drive path configurations

A

Direct coupled turbo shaft
Free power turbine

21
Q

What type of path configuration is this :
Similar to single spool

A

Direct coupled turbo shaft

22
Q

What type of path configuration is this :
Engine compressor and turbines are separated from the turbine

A

Free power turbine

23
Q

What is most suitable for high forward speeds and high altitudes

A

Pure jet

24
Q

What engine is better at lower speed below 450 MPH

A

Propellor engine

25
Q

What does the pure jet depend on largely

A

Forward speed

26
Q

What is thermal efficency

A

The heat value or heat energy output of the engine, divided by the heat energy input ( fuel consumed )

27
Q

When does thermal efficiency increase

A

As the turbine inlet temperature increases

28
Q

When does combustion occur in gas turbine engine

A

Constant pressure

29
Q

When does combustion occur in piston engines

A

Occurs at constant volume

30
Q

What process is this :
Pressure of the air does not rise during combustion, like that of a piston engines, but it’s volume does increase

A

Heating at constant pressure

31
Q
A
32
Q

Brayton cycle

A

The working cycle

33
Q

What is the relationships between pressure volume and temperature

A

The airflow or working fluid recieves and gives up heat changes P,V,T

34
Q

Important understand photo

A
35
Q

What are the advantages of a continuous working cycle

A

Smoother
More power for a given engine size
Use of lightweight combustion chambers and low octane fuels

36
Q

What are the disadvantages of a continuous working cycle

A

High flame temperatures
Critical component - THE TURBINE ( must not exceed turbine temperature otherwise turbine will just melt )

37
Q

What is standard notation

A

Consists of pressure temperature or velocity and a number to represent a given position in an engine

Engines Thomas (5 decks)

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