Change management

Question 1

What are the 3 main factors to consider with a change?

Answer 1

• pace
• manner (forced or welcomed?)
• scope of change (minor or far-reaching?)

Question 2

What are the categories of change?

Answer 2

Nature

• incremental
• transformational

Management role

• reactive
• proactive

Question 3

What are the 2 barriers to change?

Answer 3

• cultural

- personnel

Question 4

What are 3 cultural barriers?

Answer 4

Structural inertia
- cumulative effect of all procedures and systems

Group inertia
- norms or skills of people are challenged

Power structures
- existing decision makers losing power

Question 5

What are the 6 personnel barriers?

Answer 5

 Habit
 Security
 Effect on earnings
 Fear of the unknown
 Selective information processing
 Psychological contract

Question 6

What are 6 driving forces for change?

Answer 6

Changing markets
Globalisation
Increased competition
New technology
New personnel
Improved rewards

Question 7

What is Lewin and Schein’s iceberg model for managing a change?

Answer 7

Unfreeze
Trigger, challenge of existing behaviour, involvement of outsiders, or alteration to power structure

Move
Making the changes, communicating and encouraging adoption of the new situation

Refreeze
Consolidation and reinforcement of the new situation

Question 8

Practical management styles that assist the process

Answer 8

• communication
• education
• participation