Chance to Excel 2

Question 1

Goals of Existential Therapy

Answer 1

• aid client in dealing with life conditions (death, isolation, meaninglessness)
• find value, meaning and purpose
• develop awareness
• confront fears and anxieties
• become aware of freedom to aid in self-actualization

Question 2

Strengths of Existential Therapy

Answer 2

• highly relevant in working in a multicultural context
• invites clients to examine the degree to which their behavior is being influenced by social and cultural conditioning

Question 3

Limitations of Existential Therapy

Answer 3

• may not work for all cultures (collectivistic)
• may not account for real-life limitations for oppressed
• very indirect, which may be off-putting for some
• no specific techniques, making treatments hard to standardize
• very individualistic; ignores social factors that cause human problems

Question 4

Philosophical Approach Existential Therapy

Answer 4

• phenomenological
• humans are in a constant state of transition, evolving, and becoming
• clients are searching for meaning in their subjective worlds
• purpose, death, freedom, isolation, meaning

Question 5

4 givens of existence

Answer 5

death, freedom, isolation, meaninglessness

Question 6

inevitability of death

Answer 6

• the realization that death is an outcome for everyone
• the fear of non-existence can make life seem pointless

Question 7

meaninglessness

Answer 7

• only certainties in life are birth and death
• lack of meaning in life can create a sense of hopelessness, despair, and emptiness

Question 8

isolation

Answer 8

we are ultimately alone; everyone experiences feelings of alienation and loneliness; lacking true connection with others

Question 9

Anxiety (Existential)

Answer 9

• is an unavoidable result of being confronted with the “givens of existence”
• part of living with awareness and being fully alive

Question 10

View of Diagnosis (Existential)

Answer 10

opposed to diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

Question 11

“Aloneness”

Answer 11

the sense of isolation comes when we recognize that we can’t depend on anyone else for our own confirmation; we alone must give a sense of meaning to life

Question 12

Logotherapy

Answer 12

• designed to help clients find meaning in life
• human suffering (the tragic and negative aspects of life) can be turned into human achievement by the stand an individual takes when face with it

Question 13

Freedom

Answer 13

• we have the ability and responsibility to make choices to lead a more purposeful life with the limited time that we have

Question 14

Goals of P.C. Therapy

Answer 14

to assist clients in achieving a greater degree of independence and integration so they can better cope with problems as they identify them

Question 15

Strengths of P.C

Answer 15

• good multicultural application

Question 16

Limitations of P.C.

Answer 16

• not good for collectivistic cultures
• new counselors may have a difficult time supporting while challenging the client
• lack of techniques

Question 17

Role of Counselor P.C

Answer 17

• therapist uses themselves as an instrument of change by encountering clients on a person-to-person level
• create a quality therapeutic environment
• model
• genuineness, openness, authenticity
• deepens knowledge of self

Question 18

P.C. Techniques

Answer 18

• congruence
• unconditional positive regard
• accurate empathic understanding
• reflection of feelings, presence, immediacy

Question 19

motivation towards change (P.C)

Answer 19

• self-actualizing tendency
• humans have the inherent capacity to move away from maladjustment and toward growth

Question 20

P.C. Therapeutic relationship

Answer 20

• shared journey
• accepting the client without judgment and being authentic in interactions.

Question 21

congruence

Answer 21

• genuineness/realness
• behaviors match words

Question 22

unconditional positive regard

Answer 22

• acceptance and genuine caring
• accepting clients for who the presently are

Question 23

empathy

Answer 23

• the ability to deeply grasp the client’s subjective world
• attitudes are more important than knowledge

Question 24

reflection P.C

Answer 24

Repeating what the client has shared about his or her feelings (AKA: active listening)

Question 25

third force (PC)

Answer 25

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow who emphasized self-actualization, health, creativity, becoming, and meaning-making.

Question 26

Motivational Interviewing (Stages of change)

Answer 26

• brief interview
• focuses on self-responsibility
• goal to reduce client ambivalence about change and increase the client’s own motivation for change

Question 27

Goals of Gestalt Therapy

Answer 27

• assist the client in attaining greater awareness and choice
• increased self-awareness
• assume ownership of their experience
• learn to accept responsibility

Question 28

Strengths of Gestalt

Answer 28

• takes the client’s context into account
• effective in helping clients integrate the polarities within themselves

Question 29

Limitations of Gestalt

Answer 29

• potential for power abuse by therapist
• high focus on emotion may pose challenges or limitations for clients

Question 30

Resistance

Answer 30

defenses we develop to prevent us from experiencing the present fully

Question 31

Introjection

Answer 31

• the tendency to uncritically accept others’ beliefs and standards without stimulating them to make them congruent with who we are
• blocks you from self-actualizing

Question 32

Projection

Answer 32

• disown certain aspects of ourselves by assigning them to the environment
• ex. blaming others for our problems

Question 33

Retroflection

Answer 33

• turning back onto ourselves what we would like to do to someone else or doing to ourselves what we would like someone else to do to or for us

Question 34

Confluence

Answer 34

blurring the differentiation between the self and environment
- ex. avoidance of conflict, people pleasing

Question 35

deflection

Answer 35

the process of distraction or veering off, so that it is difficult to maintain and sustain a sense of contact
- ex. beating around the bush, changing subject in the middle of an argument

Question 36

blocks to energy

Answer 36

• where energy is in the body, how it is used, and how it may be causing a blockage
• a form of resistance, for example, tension in a part of the body, not breathing deeply, or avoiding eye contact.

Question 37

figure formation process

Answer 37

• tracks how the individual organizes experience from moment to moment
• some aspect of the environmental field emerges from the background and becomes the focal point of the individuals attention and interest

Question 38

here-and-now

Answer 38

• our power is in the present

Question 39

impasse

Answer 39

• a stuck point; unfinished business
• occurs when external support is not available or the customary way of being does not work