CHAIN OF INFECTION Flashcards

1
Q

6 steps of chain of infection

EA

R

PE

MT

PE

SH

A

ETIOLOGIC AGENT

RESERVOIR

PORTAL OF EXIT

MODE OF TRANSMISSION

PORTAL OF ENTRY

SUSCEPTIBLE HOST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Disease-causing microorganisms including bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites.

All of these will cause a disease it only differs in the severity, symptoms, and frequency

A

1 - ETIOLOGIC AGENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A place where a microorganism survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host

Dito siya nakatira, not just human
- Humans, animals, inanimate objects, plants, general environment like air, water, and soil

A

RESERVOIR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

After microorganisms find a site to grow and multiply, they need ot find a portal of exit if they are to enter another host and cause disease

— Sputum, emesis (vomit), stool, blood

A

PORTAL OF EXIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 TYPES OF MODE OF TRANSMISSION

A

CONTACT TRANSMISSION
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
DROPLET TRANSMISSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 TYPES OF INDIRECT TRANSMISSION

A

VEHICLE BORNE
VECTOR BORNE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 TYPES OF CONTACT TRANSMISSION

A

INDIRECT AND DIRECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

these are examples of what type of contact transmission?

Colonization or infection with a multidrug-resistant organism

A

contact transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

involves immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse

A

DIRECT CONTACT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Enteric infections such as Clostridium difficile

A

contact transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Respiratory infections such as respiratory syncytial virus

A

contact transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

H1N1 influenza: infection can occur by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching the mouth or nose

Wound infections

A

contact transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Skin infections, such as cutaneous diphtheria, herpes simplex, impetigo, pediculosis, scabies, staphylococci and varicella zoster

Eye infection such as conjunctivitis

A

contact transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

type of transmission

Hindi siya diretso sa pagpass
Here there is something or someone bringing it

A

indirect transmisison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Any substance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable port of entry.

Fomites (inanimate materials or objects), such as handkerchiefs, toys, soiled clothes, cooking or eating utensils, and surgical instruments or dressings, can act as a vehicle

A

VEHICLE BORNE TRANSMISSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A vector is an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent

A

VECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION

15
Q

Transmission may occur by injecting salivary fluid during biting or by depositing feces or other materials on the skin through the bite wound or a traumatized skin area.

Through injecting salivary fluid or through bites

A

VECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION

16
Q

what transmission

EXAMPLES:
Leptospirosis: rats
Schistosomiasis: worms
Shellfish poisoning: shellfish
Filariasis: mosquito
Dengue: mosquito
Malaria: mosquito

A

vector borne transmission (indirect contact transmission)

17
Q

what is the residue of evaporated droplets emitted by an infected host such as someone with TB and can remain in the air for long periods

A

Droplet nuclei,

18
Q

Involves droplets or dust

Droplet nuclei or residue or evaporated droplets suspended in air during coughing or sneezing or carried on dust particles

A

2 - AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION

19
Q

EXAMPLES:
Measles
Chickenpox (varicella)
Disseminated varicella zoster
Tuberculosis

what transmission

A

airborne transmission

20
Q

examples of what transmission

Adenovirus
Diphtheria
Epiglottitis
Influence, h1n1 influenza
Meningitis

A

droplet transmission

21
Q

Before a person can be infected, microorganisms must enter the:
- Mucous membrane
- Non-intact skin
- GI tract
- GU tract
- Respiratory tract

Kung saan ang portal of exit pwede din itong —-?

A

portal of entry

22
Q

any person who is at risk for infection

A

susceptible host

23
The infectious process is as follows: I P I C
incubation period prodromal stage illness stage convalescent stage
24
Interval between the entrance of pathogens into body and appearance of the first symptoms
Incubation period
25
Interval from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms (malaise, low grade fever, fatigue,) to more specific symptoms
Prodromal stage
25
Interval when patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to type of infection
Illness stage
26
Interval when acute symptoms of infection disappear Length of recovery depends on the severity of infection and patients host resistance and recovery may take several days to months
Convalescent stage