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ihc - chloe > CHAIN OF INFECTION > Flashcards

CHAIN OF INFECTION Flashcards

1
Q

6 steps of chain of infection

EA

R

PE

MT

PE

SH

A

ETIOLOGIC AGENT

RESERVOIR

PORTAL OF EXIT

MODE OF TRANSMISSION

PORTAL OF ENTRY

SUSCEPTIBLE HOST

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2
Q

Disease-causing microorganisms including bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites.

All of these will cause a disease it only differs in the severity, symptoms, and frequency

A

1 - ETIOLOGIC AGENT

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3
Q

A place where a microorganism survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host

Dito siya nakatira, not just human
- Humans, animals, inanimate objects, plants, general environment like air, water, and soil

A

RESERVOIR

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4
Q

After microorganisms find a site to grow and multiply, they need ot find a portal of exit if they are to enter another host and cause disease

— Sputum, emesis (vomit), stool, blood

A

PORTAL OF EXIT

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5
Q

3 TYPES OF MODE OF TRANSMISSION

A

CONTACT TRANSMISSION
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
DROPLET TRANSMISSION

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6
Q

2 TYPES OF INDIRECT TRANSMISSION

A

VEHICLE BORNE
VECTOR BORNE

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6
Q

2 TYPES OF CONTACT TRANSMISSION

A

INDIRECT AND DIRECT

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7
Q

these are examples of what type of contact transmission?

Colonization or infection with a multidrug-resistant organism

A

contact transmission

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8
Q

involves immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse

A

DIRECT CONTACT

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9
Q

Enteric infections such as Clostridium difficile

A

contact transmission

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9
Q

Respiratory infections such as respiratory syncytial virus

A

contact transmission

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10
Q

H1N1 influenza: infection can occur by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching the mouth or nose

Wound infections

A

contact transmission

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11
Q

Skin infections, such as cutaneous diphtheria, herpes simplex, impetigo, pediculosis, scabies, staphylococci and varicella zoster

Eye infection such as conjunctivitis

A

contact transmission

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12
Q

type of transmission

Hindi siya diretso sa pagpass
Here there is something or someone bringing it

A

indirect transmisison

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13
Q

Any substance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable port of entry.

Fomites (inanimate materials or objects), such as handkerchiefs, toys, soiled clothes, cooking or eating utensils, and surgical instruments or dressings, can act as a vehicle

A

VEHICLE BORNE TRANSMISSION

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14
Q

A vector is an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent

A

VECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION

15
Q

Transmission may occur by injecting salivary fluid during biting or by depositing feces or other materials on the skin through the bite wound or a traumatized skin area.

Through injecting salivary fluid or through bites

A

VECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION

16
Q

what transmission

EXAMPLES:
Leptospirosis: rats
Schistosomiasis: worms
Shellfish poisoning: shellfish
Filariasis: mosquito
Dengue: mosquito
Malaria: mosquito

A

vector borne transmission (indirect contact transmission)

17
Q

what is the residue of evaporated droplets emitted by an infected host such as someone with TB and can remain in the air for long periods

A

Droplet nuclei,

18
Q

Involves droplets or dust

Droplet nuclei or residue or evaporated droplets suspended in air during coughing or sneezing or carried on dust particles

A

2 - AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION

19
Q

EXAMPLES:
Measles
Chickenpox (varicella)
Disseminated varicella zoster
Tuberculosis

what transmission

A

airborne transmission

20
Q

examples of what transmission

Adenovirus
Diphtheria
Epiglottitis
Influence, h1n1 influenza
Meningitis

A

droplet transmission

21
Q

Before a person can be infected, microorganisms must enter the:
- Mucous membrane
- Non-intact skin
- GI tract
- GU tract
- Respiratory tract

Kung saan ang portal of exit pwede din itong —-?

A

portal of entry

22
Q

any person who is at risk for infection

A

susceptible host

23
Q

The infectious process is as follows:

I
P
I
C

A

incubation period
prodromal stage
illness stage
convalescent stage

24
Q

Interval between the entrance of pathogens into body and appearance of the first symptoms

A

Incubation period

25
Q

Interval from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms (malaise, low grade fever, fatigue,) to more specific symptoms

A

Prodromal stage

25
Q

Interval when patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to type of infection

A

Illness stage

26
Q

Interval when acute symptoms of infection disappear

Length of recovery depends on the severity of infection and patients host resistance and recovery may take several days to months

A

Convalescent stage

ihc - chloe (7 decks)

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