Ch9.3- Biological, Environmental, and Behavioural influences on intelligence Flashcards
What is the overall heritability of intelligence estimated to be at?
a) 10-90%
b) 40-60%
c) 40-80%
d) 0-10%
c) 40-80%
The heritability for intelligence for wealthy people is estimated to be at around __, while it is __ for poor people.
a) 10%, 72%
b) 72%, 10%
c) 90%, 35%
d) 80%, 50%
b) 72%, 10%
What is the name for a study that involves removing a specific gene and comparing the characteristics of animals with and without the gene?
Hint: think boxing
Gene knockout (KO) studies
When scientists insert new genetic material into an animal’s genome, the result is called a
a) genomic animal
b) transgenomic animal
c) transgenic animal
d) knockout animal
c) transgenic animal
Diets with ___ saturated fat are associated with declines in higher cognitive functioning.
high
SES, or socioeconomic status, affects children development, because
a) children are exposed to a greater language variety
b) children get additional opportunities
c) children get less punitive measures
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
High levels of stress…
a) are common in economically rich families, stimulating mental development
b) are common in economically poor families, stimulating mental development
c) are common in economically rich families, inhibiting mental development
d) are common in economically poor families, inhibiting mental development
d) stress hormones, such as cortisol, are related to poorer cognitive functioning. Toxic stress is also damaging the the neural circuitry of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
Education..
a) impacts academic skills, but not IQ.
b) impacts, IQ, but only in western countries.
c) does have an impact on IQ scores- successive generations have been shown with increasing IQs.
d) does not impact intelligence whatsoever.
c) Education impacts IQ scores.
What the the name of the effect that refers to the steady population level increases in intelligence test scores over time?
(hint: think breaking bad)
The Flynn effect
The term “video deficit” refers to how
a) children who are not exposed to TV at a young age do not develop as rapidly as those who are
b) Young children do not learn very much information presented on screens
c) Children gain more from video than from hands on interaction
d) children exposed to TV at a younger age display more violent tendancies
b) Young children under the age of 2 do not gain cognitive benefits, and can even have slower cognitive development (due to the fact that they are being distracted from developmentally enriching activities.)
Research, however, suggests that children over the age of 2 can benefit from educational programs.
These substances are believed to beneficially affect intelligence.
a) Newtropic substances
b) Nootropic substances
c) Nutropic substances
d) Nutrioptic substances
b) Nootropic substances
2 commonly used nootropic drugs are
a) Tylenol
b) Ritalin
c) Ecstasy
d) Lamictal
e) Provigil
b) and e)
Ritalin and Provigil
Which of the following is NOT an effect of meditation?
a) meditation can improve working memory
b) meditation reduces the number of unnecessary axons in the frontal lobes.
c) meditation can increase the thickness of the prefrontal cortex
d) meditation can improve attentional abilities.
b) meditation does not reduce the number of axons.
Research on nootropic drugs show that
a) they have a much larger effect on intelligence than do environmental factors such as socioeconomic factors.
b) they show low addiction rates and are therefore quite safe.
c) they have a larger effect on long-term memory than on working memory.
d) these drugs can produce increases in intelligence.
d) these drugs can produce increases in intelligence.
