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Psychology > Ch10- Development > Flashcards

Ch10- Development Flashcards

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1
Q

A method for comparing samples of people of different ages at a given point in time.

a) longitudinal design
b) cross sectional design

A

b) cross sectional design

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2
Q

A method for following the development of people at different points in their life

a) longitudinal design
b) cross sectional design

A

a) longitudinal design

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3
Q

Longitudinal designs suffer from this effect, which are differences between people that result from being born in different time periods:

a) Lateral effect
b) Cohort effect
c) Generativity

A

b) cohort effect

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4
Q

A developing human is called a _____ from weeks 2-8

a) embryo
b) zygote
c) fetus
d) germinal

A

a) embryo

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5
Q

In which stage do the skeletal, organ, and nervous system become more specialized?

a) Embryonic stage
b) Fetal stage
c) Germinal stage
d) Gestational stage

A

b) fetal stage

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6
Q

A developing human begins as a _____ during the _____ stage

a) embryo
b) zygote
c) fetus
d) germinal

A

b) zygote,

d) germinal

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7
Q

The fetal stage is the ___ to occur, from ___ weeks

a) first, 0-2
b) second, 2-8 weeks
c) third, 8 weeks to birth

A

c) third, 8wks to birth

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8
Q

Three main types of processes account for the main ways in which the brain develops after birth. These 3 include:

a) myelination, synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning
b) myelination, synaptic reorganisation, increased neurotransmitter production
c) synaptogenesis, increased neurotransmitter production, synaptic pruning
d) Actually, the brain is fully developed at birth, and the only change that occurs afterwards is that new cells are formed while the brain grows (synaptogenesis)

A

a) myelination, synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning

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9
Q

The development of infant motor skills is best described as

a) a genetic process with no environmental influence
b) completely due to the effects of encouragement
c) a mixture of biological maturation and learning
d) progressing in a continuous, rather than stage, fashion

A

c) a mixture of biological maturation and learning.

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10
Q

Ideal state of development where children attempt activities that are just beyond their individual capability, but with guidance from adults that are attentive to their progress

a) assimilation
b) accommodation
c) scaffolding
d) zone of proximal development

A

d) zone of proximal development

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11
Q

Process by which people modify belief structures based on experience

a) assimilation
b) accommodation
c) scaffolding
d) zone of proximal development

A

b) accommodation

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12
Q

Process by which people try to fit new information into belief systems they already possess

a) assimilation
b) accommodation
c) scaffolding
d) zone of proximal development

A

a) assimilation

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13
Q

A highly attentive approach to teaching where the teacher match guidance to the learner’s needs.

a) assimilation
b) accommodation
c) scaffolding
d) zone of proximal development

A

c) scaffolding

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14
Q

The emotional bond that develops between caregiver and child is known as

a) love/hate
b) dependence
c) attachment
d) transference

A

c) attachment

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15
Q

Parent X is careful and consistent about treating a child, gives them time outs, and praises them verbally when they do a good job. This approach to parenting is heavily guided by:

a) Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
b) behaviourism
c) cognitive psychology
d) humanistic psychology

A

b) behaviourism

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16
Q

As you observe a child interacting with their parents, you watch them behaving at first in a clingy manner, but later notice they are acting very independently and rejecting their attention. This child has this attachment style:

a) secure
b) avoidant
c) anxious/resistant
d) disorganized

A

d) disorganised

17
Q

The internalization of the conditional regard of significant others is called

a) inductive discipline
b) introjection
c) intrajection
d) interference

A

b) introjection

18
Q

Explaining the consequences of a child’s actions to other people, therefore activating empathy is called:

a) inductive discipline
b) introjection
c) intrajection
d) interference

A

a) inductive discipline

19
Q

In Kohlberg’s moral reasoning (the trolley dilemma), reasoning that its wrong to flip a switch because its against the law is called

a) preconventional morality
b) conventional morality
c) postconventional morality

A

b) conventional morality

20
Q

One of the changes that occur in puberty for females, the onset of menstruation, is called

a) estradiol
b) menarche
c) primary sex traits
d) spermache

A

b) menarche

21
Q

Toxic chemicals that impair infant development in the womb are called

a) tetrogens
b) teratogens
c) tetragons
d) tertogens

A

b) teratogens

22
Q

In Kohlberg’s moral reasoning (the trolley dilemma), reasoning that its right to flip a switch because it would save more lives than it would kill is called

a) preconventional morality
b) conventional morality
c) postconventional morality

A

c) postconventional morality

23
Q

In Kohlberg’s moral reasoning (the trolley dilemma), reasoning that its wrong to flip a switch because you might get in trouble is called

a) preconventional morality
b) conventional morality
c) postconventional morality

A

a) preconventional morality- a basic, egocentric form of thinking.

24
Q

Which of the following is not a symptom of Alzheimer’s?

a) memory problems
b) disorientation
c) obsessive behaviours
d) personality changes

A

c) obsessive behaviours

25
Q

Alzheimer’s is caused by

a) drug use
b) a buildup of proteins that clump together in the spaces between neurons, interrupting normal activity
c) normal aging processes that are unavoidable
d) a particular gene that determines the disease

A

b) a buildup of proteins that clump together in the spaces between neurons, interrupting normal activity

26
Q

In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, what does generativity refer to?

a) the desire to generate an income
b) the desire to generate learning and knowledge for oneself
c) the desire to leave a positive impact on the world
d) the desire to have an offspring

A

c) the desire to leave a positive impact on the world.

27
Q

Which of the following best describes the effects of aging on intelligence?

a) fluid intelligence decreases, crystallised intelligence increases
b) fliud intelligence increases, crystallised intelligence decreases
c) aging is unrelated to intelligence

A

a) fluid intelligence decreases, crystallised intelligence increases

Psychology (14 decks)

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