Ch7- Memory Flashcards
The control process retrieval brings information back from the LTM to the STM.
a) attention
b) encoding
c) retrieval
d) control processes
c) retrieval
The control process ____ selects the information that will be transferred from the STM to the LTM (long term memory).
a) attention
b) encoding
c) retrieval
d) control processes
b) Encoding
The Atkinson-Shiffrin model contains _ different memory stores. Stores retain information without using it, like a hard drive.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
c) 3
_______ shifts information from one store to another.
a) attention
b) encoding
c) retrieval
d) control processes
d) control processes
The control process _____ selects which information will be passed on the the STM (short term memory)
a) attention
b) encoding
c) retrieval
d) control processes
a) attention
This store holds a limited amount of information over a limited duration.
Time period:
i) 5 minutes
ii) 10 seconds
iii) 2 minutes
iv) less than 1 minute
a) Iconic memory
b) Echoic memory
c) Sensory memory
d) Perceptual memory
e) Short Term Memory (STM)
f) Long Term Memory (LTM)
iv) less than a minute
e) Short Term Memory
This store holds an unlimited amount of perceptual information, but only for a very brief amount of time.
a) Iconic memory
b) Echoic memory
c) Sensory memory
d) Perceptual memory
e) Short Term Memory (STM)
f) Long Term Memory (LTM)
c) sensory memory
Sensory memory consists of:
a) Iconic memory
b) Echoic memory
c) Perceptual memory
d) Short Term Memory (STM)
e) Long Term Memory (LTM)
a) and (b): Iconic and Echoic memory.
The act of grouping together smaller units of information into larger units of information is called:
Does this ability vary under different circumstances?
Chunking
Yes. This ability varies between situations and individuals.
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon, or TOT, is related to which memory store?
a) Iconic memory
b) Echoic memory
c) Sensory memory
d) Perceptual memory
e) Short Term Memory (STM)
f) Long Term Memory (LTM)
f) LTM
The serial position effect states that:
a) items memorised last (the recency effect) are remembered better than items memorized before
b) items remembered under the primacy and recency effect are recalled easier
c) items memorised first (primacy effect) are remembered better than items memorized afterwards
b) the primacy and recency effect mean that objects in the middle are less likely to be remembered.
The effect where the first few items are remembered relatively easily is known as the…
Primacy effect
The effect where the last few items are remembered easily is known as the…
Recency effect
Retroactive interference occurs when…
a) the items memorized earlier overwrite memories of the items memorized just a moment ago
b) the items memorized a moment ago overwrite the memories stored much earlier
b) the items memorized a moment ago overwrite the memories stored much earlier.
Retroactive, definition: when something happening NOW affects the past.
Proactive interference is linked to which effect:
Primacy or Recency effect?
Primacy effect, where older information inhibits the recall of newer information by taking up valuable space
There are 4 components to the STM (or Working) memory.
This one stores information about visual images and spatial layouts.
a) Phonological loop
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
c) Episodic buffer
d) The Central Executive
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
There are 4 components to the STM (or Working) memory.
This one combines images and sound information, from two other parts, into a coherent story.
a) Phonological loop
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
c) Episodic buffer
d) The Central Executive
c) Episodic buffer
There are 4 components to the STM (or Working) memory.
This one stores information as sounds and relies on rehearsal.
a) Phonological loop
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
c) Episodic buffer
d) The Central Executive
a) Phonological loop.
feature-binding, or combining visual features into a single chunk, involves…
a) Phonological loop
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
c) Episodic buffer
d) The Central Executive
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
There are 4 components to the STM (or Working) memory.
This one does not store information, but coordinates attention and the exchange of information along the 3 storage components in the STM.
a) Phonological loop
b) Visuospatial sketchpad
c) Episodic buffer
d) The Central Executive
d) the Central Executive
The LTM can be divided into 2 categories.
select 2
a) declarative (explicit) memories
b) non-declarative (implicit) memories
c) episodic memories
d) semantic memories
a+b: declarative and nondeclarative memories.
declarative memory consists of 2 varieties. One of these memory types are organised around personal experiences. These are called:
Episodic memories
declarative memory consists of 2 varieties. One of these memory types are organised around general knowledge regarding the world. These are called:
Semantic memories
non declarative memories occur when prior experiences influence performance on a task without conscious recall of those experiences.
Motor skills, habits, and other behaviours that are recalled without conscious effort are called…
a) declarative (explicit) memories
b) non-declarative (implicit) memories
c) procedural memories
d episodic memories
e) semantic memories
c) procedural memories
A technique that can be used to test non declarative memory is called:
a) shaping
b) buffering
c) priming
d) feature binding
c) priming
The process that demonstrates an enduring increase in connectivity and transmission of neural cells that fire together, is called:
Hint 1: Hebb’s Law
Hint 2: LTP
Long Term Potentiation (LTP)
Encoding from the STM to the LTM that occurs at the cellular level is called: cellular _____
a) condensation
b) compression
c) consolidation
d) conditioning
c) consolidation
This amnesia causes the loss of memory for events prior to the injury.
a) anterograde amnesia
b) retrograde amnesia
c) consolidation
d) seizures
b) retrograde amnesia
remember the definition of retrograde- the present affecting the past
This amnesia inhibits the ability to form new memories after an injury.
a) anterograde amnesia
b) retrograde amnesia
c) consolidation
d) seizures
a) anterograde amnesia
Prolonging information recall by thinking about its meaning:
a) acronym
b) dual coding
c) flashbulb memory
d) maintenance rehearsal
e) elaborative rehearsal
f) method of loci
g) encoding specificity principle
h) mnemonic
i) first-letter technique
j) storage
k) testing effect
l) state-dependant learning
m) mood-dependant learning
e) elaborative rehearsal
the concept that lies in between encoding and retrieval.
a) acronym
b) dual coding
c) flashbulb memory
d) maintenance rehearsal
e) elaborative rehearsal
f) method of loci
g) encoding specificity principle
h) mnemonic
i) first-letter technique
j) storage
k) testing effect
l) state-dependant learning
m) mood-dependant learning
j) storage
a form of deep processing where you think about how information relates to you
a) acronym
b) dual coding
c) flashbulb memory
d) maintenance rehearsal
e) survival processing
f) the self reference effect
g) elaborative rehearsal
f) the self reference effect
a form of deep processing where you think about how information helps you survive is called:
survival processing
prolonging recall of information by repeating it
a) phonological loop
b) elaborative rehearsal
c) maintenance rehearsal
d) storage
c) maintenance rehearsal
This occurs when recall of information is aided by location or circumstances
a) state-dependant learning
b) mood-dependant learning
c) context-dependant learning
a) state-dependant learning.
FUCK CONTEXT DEPENDANT. CONTEXT DOES NOT FUCKI:NGEX@#!IST
This occurs when recall of information is aided by mood
mood dependant learning
These memories are extremely detailed and vivid.
a) procedural memories
b) semantic memories
c) flashbulb memory
d) declarative memories
c) flashbulb memory
Are flashbulb memories accurate?
they are no more accurate than regular memories.
Herman Ebbinghaus (stupid fucking name) proposed the Forgetting curve, in which information is forgotten...
a. More rapidly as time goes by
b. Gradually at first, then with increasing speed
c. Quickly at first, then tapers off gradually
d. Most quickly one day after learning
e. None of the above
c) quickly at first, then tapers off gradually
Method of loci is an example of:
a) acronym
b) dual coding
c) mnemonic
c) mnemonic
Method of loci involves:
a) remembering items along a path
b) matching rhyming words along a list
c) repeating the list over and over
d) telling a story using the items from the list
a) remembering items along a path.
