Ch4.2- The Visual system

Question 1

This part of the eye lines the inner surface of the eye.

The part of the eye that contain photoreceptors, where transduction of light occurs:

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 1

f) Retina

Question 2

The opening in the center of the iris that regulates light by contracting and expanding is called….

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 2

c) Pupil

Question 3

The transparent, clear disc structure that focuses light into the back of the eye is called…

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 3

a) Lens

Question 4

The clear protective layer that covers the front of the eye and helps the eye to focus is called the…

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle

Answer 4

b) Cornea

Question 5

The round muscle that regulates the size of the pupil is called…

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 5

c) Iris

Question 6

The white, outer surface of the eye is called the…

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 6

e) Sclera

Question 7

Information from photoreceptors are transmitted to these cells, which then fire through the optic nerve. This is called ______

is it further to the front of the eye or the back?

g_______ cells

Answer 7

ganglion cells. further to the front.

Question 8

There are two types of photoreceptors; this type perceives wavelengths of colour, and cluster around a central region of the retina. There are 6-8 million of these.

• Rods
• Cones
• Fovea

Answer 8

Cones

Question 9

The central region of the retina, where cones photoreceptors cluster around are called

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 9

g) Fovea

Question 10

There are two types of photoreceptors; this type works best under low light conditions, and perceives mostly blacks and greys. There are 12 million of these.

• Rods
• Cones
• Fovea

Answer 10

Rods

Question 11

The blind spot occurs in the _______ as a result of the _____

a) Lens
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Pupil
e) Sclera
f) Retina
g) Fovea
h) Optic nerve
i) Eye muscle
j) Optic Chaism

Answer 11

f) Retina, as a result of the h) Optic nerve.

Question 12

The process by which rods and cones become increasingly sensitive to light under low illumination is called

a) Trichromatic theory (or Young-Helmholtz theory)
b) Dark adaptation
c) Opponent-process theory
d) Binocular disparity

Answer 12

b) dark adaptation

Question 13

The process by which colour vision is determined by three different cone types that are sensitive to long, medium and short wavelengths of light. (RGB, respectively)

a) Trichromatic theory (or Young-Helmholtz theory)
b) Dark adaptation
c) Opponent-process theory
d) Binocular disparity

Answer 13

a) Trichromatic theory

Question 14

The theory that states we perceive colour in terms of opposing pairs; red to green, yellow to blue, white to black.

a) Trichromatic theory (or Young-Helmholtz theory)
b) Dark adaptation
c) Opponent-process theory
d) Binocular disparity

Answer 14

c) Opponent-process theory

Question 15

The tendency to see a negative afterimage after looking away from a colour image is best explained by:

a) Trichromatic theory (or Young-Helmholtz theory)
b) Dark adaptation
c) Opponent-process theory
d) Binocular disparity

Answer 15

c) opponent-process theory

Question 16

The part of the brain where the optic nerves cross at the midline is called ____

Answer 16

optic chaism

Question 17

This nucleus in the thalamus handles the processing of visual information.

a) Longitudinal Geniculate Nucleus
b) Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
c) Lateral Genesis Nucleus
d) Long Genesis Nucleus

Answer 17

b) Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

Question 18

These cells in the occipital lobe’s primary visual cortex respond selectively to simple and specific angles of a stimulus.

F_____ ________ cells

Answer 18

feature detection cells.

Question 19

Information from the occipital lobe’s primary visual cortex is sent to the secondary visual cortex, where it splits into 2 streams.

This stream extends into the parietal lobe.
It is specialised for spatial perception.

a) ventral stream
b) dorsal stream

Answer 19

b) dorsal “where” stream extends into the parietal lobe.

Question 20

Information from the occipital lobe’s primary visual cortex is sent to the secondary visual cortex, where it splits into 2 streams.

This stream extends into the temporal lobe.
It is specialised for object recognition.

a) ventral stream
b) dorsal stream

Answer 20

a) ventral “what” stream extends into the temporal lobe.

Question 21

Damage to this stream would result in prosopagnosia, or face blindness.

a) ventral stream
b) dorsal stream

Answer 21

a) ventral stream

Question 22

Perceptual constancy is the ability to perceive objects as having…..

Answer 22

Perceptual constancy is the ability to perceive objects as having consistent shape, size and colour despite changes in perspective.

Question 23

Perceptual constancies are influenced by

a) top down processing
b) bottom up processing

Answer 23

a) top down processing, or prior expectation, affects perceptual constancies.

Question 24

This stream is associated with visually guided movement.

a) ventral stream
b) dorsal stream

Answer 24

b) dorsal stream
think: dorsal WHERE stream-

dorsal as in dorsal fin, for like a shark, guides it through the water.

Question 25

Distance cues from both eyes are called

a) convergence
b) retinal disparity
c) monocular cues
d) binocular cues
e) accomodation

Answer 25

d) binocular cues

Question 26

depth cues from one eye are called

a) convergence
b) retinal disparity
c) monocular cues
d) binocular cues
e) accomodation

Answer 26

c) monocular cues