ch8 key terms from OER book Flashcards

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1
Q

absentmindedness

A

lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere else

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2
Q

acoustic

A

encoding input of sounds, words, and music

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3
Q

amnesia

A

loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma

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4
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

loss of memory for events that occur after the brain trauma

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5
Q

arousal theory

A

strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories

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6
Q

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

A

memory model that states we process information through three systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory

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7
Q

automatic processing

A

encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words

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8
Q

bias

A

how feelings and view of the world distort memory of past events

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9
Q

blocking

A

memory error in which you cannot access stored information

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10
Q

chunking

A

organizing information into manageable bits or chunks

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11
Q

construction

A

formulation of new memories

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12
Q

declarative memory

A

type of long-term memory of facts and events we personally experience

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13
Q

effortful processing

A

encoding of information that takes effort and attention

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14
Q

elaborative rehearsal

A

thinking about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

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15
Q

encoding

A

input of information into the memory system

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16
Q

engram

A

physical trace of memory

17
Q

episodic memory

A

type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally experienced, also known as autobiographical memory

18
Q

equipotentiality hypothesis

A

some parts of the brain can take over for damaged parts in forming and storing memories

19
Q

explicit memory

A

memories we consciously try to remember and recall

20
Q

false memory syndrome

A

recall of false autobiographical memories

21
Q

flashbulb memory

A

exceptionally clear recollection of an important event

22
Q

forgetting

A

loss of information from long-term memory

23
Q

implicit memory

A

memories that are not part of our consciousness

24
Q

levels of processing

A

information that is thought of more deeply becomes more meaningful and thus better committed to memory

25
Q

long-term memory (LTM)

A

continuous storage of information

26
Q

memory

A

set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

27
Q

memory-enhancing strategy

A

technique to help make sure information goes from short-term memory to long-term memory

28
Q

misattribution

A

memory error in which you confuse the source of your information

29
Q

misinformation effect paradigm

A

after exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a person may misremember the original event

30
Q

mnemonic device

A

memory aids that help organize information for encoding

31
Q

persistence

A

failure of the memory system that involves the involuntary recall of unwanted memories, particularly unpleasant ones