ch8 key terms from OER book Flashcards
absentmindedness
lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being somewhere else
acoustic
encoding input of sounds, words, and music
amnesia
loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma
anterograde amnesia
loss of memory for events that occur after the brain trauma
arousal theory
strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories
Atkinson-Shiffrin model
memory model that states we process information through three systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
automatic processing
encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words
bias
how feelings and view of the world distort memory of past events
blocking
memory error in which you cannot access stored information
chunking
organizing information into manageable bits or chunks
construction
formulation of new memories
declarative memory
type of long-term memory of facts and events we personally experience
effortful processing
encoding of information that takes effort and attention
elaborative rehearsal
thinking about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory
encoding
input of information into the memory system
engram
physical trace of memory
episodic memory
type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally experienced, also known as autobiographical memory
equipotentiality hypothesis
some parts of the brain can take over for damaged parts in forming and storing memories
explicit memory
memories we consciously try to remember and recall
false memory syndrome
recall of false autobiographical memories
flashbulb memory
exceptionally clear recollection of an important event
forgetting
loss of information from long-term memory
implicit memory
memories that are not part of our consciousness
levels of processing
information that is thought of more deeply becomes more meaningful and thus better committed to memory
long-term memory (LTM)
continuous storage of information
memory
set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time
memory-enhancing strategy
technique to help make sure information goes from short-term memory to long-term memory
misattribution
memory error in which you confuse the source of your information
misinformation effect paradigm
after exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a person may misremember the original event
mnemonic device
memory aids that help organize information for encoding
persistence
failure of the memory system that involves the involuntary recall of unwanted memories, particularly unpleasant ones
