Ch 1 section 1.3 Contemporary Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

what are some Organizations to remember that are related to psychology

A

APA - American Psychological Association (apa.org)
APS - Association for Psychological Science (psychologicalscience.org)

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2
Q

what are the 8 Psychology Approaches/Perspectives
(definitions for each 1 are shown later and will be marked with * in the question)

A
  • Unconscious
  • Cognitive
  • Behavioral
  • Evolutionary
  • Humanistic
  • Biological
  • Biopsychosocial
  • Social/Cultural or
    Sociocultural
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3
Q

what’s does Unconscious* mean

A

the part of the mind which is inaccessible to the conscious mind but which affects behavior and emotions.

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4
Q

what’s does Cognitive* mean

A

Thoughts/Perception/Memories/Emotions; Impact of how you think, interpret, feel, etc.

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5
Q

what’s does Behavioral* mean

A

Learning; Impact of experiences, focus on studying people’s observable behavior

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6
Q

what’s does Evolutionary* mean

A

Impact of Natural Selection; Environments select for adaptive traits for survival,
reproduction. More successful traits are passed on through genetics and become plentiful.

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7
Q

what’s does Social/Cultural or Sociocultural* mean

A

Society and Culture, Impact of groups on the individual, Impact of contexts/environments

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8
Q

what’s does Biological* mean

A

Impact of Biology (Brain, Neurons, Chemicals–neurotransmitters, hormones) and epigenetics. Including Neuroscience

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9
Q

what’s does Humanistic* mean

A

Basic Needs and Motivations; positive view of human nature, people try to grow/reach their potential, and belief that people have the capacity to change and improve themselves/world

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10
Q

whats does Biopsychosocial mean
-BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL

A

A combination of the perspectives—needed to explain most phenomena.

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11
Q

What are the 11 subfields of psychology (later slides will be added with specific definitions marked with *)

A

-Psychometrics
-Developmental
-Educational
-Industrial/Organizational
-Human Factors
-Forensic Psychology-
-Clinical
-Personality
-Counseling
-Community
-Positive Psychology-studies

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12
Q

definition for Psychometrics*

A

utilizes testing and statistics to examine human behavior

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13
Q

definition for Developmental*

A

studies how anything in our psychology changes over time (as we
age)

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14
Q

definition for Educational*

A

applies our psychology knowledge to learning, teaching, and schools.

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15
Q

definition for Industrial/Organizational*

A

applies our psychology knowledge to business and
the workplace (e.g., hiring, managing, teaming, productivity, employee
motivation/satisfaction, etc.)

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16
Q

definition for Human Factors*

A

applies our psychology knowledge to creating and engineering
products and services based upon on how humans perceive, think, etc

17
Q

definition for Forensic Psychology*

A

applies our psychology knowledge to the law, courts, etc

18
Q

definition for Clinical*

A

work with clients with abnormal disorders (major depression, bipolar,
schizophrenia, etc.). Clinical Psychologist (Ph.D. therapist) vs. Psychiatrist (M.D.,
medications)

19
Q

definition for Personality*

A

studies how our temperaments and traits influence human behavior

20
Q

definition for Counseling*

A

work with clients with more everyday problems (relationships, family,
work, etc.)

21
Q

definition for Community*

A

applies psychology knowledge to try to lessen or prevent problems by
improving our cities, society, families, etc. Don’t treat problems after they occur, work to
prevent them!

22
Q

definition for Positive Psychology-studies*

A

studies what traits and behaviors in people are good, useful,
positive, etc. Tries to help people develop lives that are increasingly happy, content,
satisfying, flourishing, etc

23
Q

what is Nature in psychology

A

-This emphasizes the role of genetics and inherited traits in shaping a person’s characteristics.
-It suggests that certain aspects of an individual, such as intelligence or temperament, are predetermined by their genetic makeup.

24
Q

what is Nurture in psychology

A

-This focuses on the impact of the environment, including upbringing, experiences, and culture, on shaping an individual.
-It suggests that external factors play a crucial role in determining one’s traits and behaviors