CH.8 - Ethnic and Radicalized Groups

Question 1

multiculturalism

Answer 1

Promoting tolerance and diversity in communities

Question 2

Discrimination

Answer 2

distinctions, exclusions, and preferential treatment based on traits that risk a persons human rights and freedom.

Question 3

Racialization

Answer 3

How ppl are classified based off physical characteristics like skin color, hair type, and facial features.

Question 4

Ethnicity

Answer 4

Being part of a group who shares a national tradition, language or heritage.

Question 5

Ethnic groups

Answer 5

Ppl who share a common homeland, language or culture.

Question 6

Racism

Answer 6

Discrimination, prejudice, or antagonism driected towards someone of a different ethnicity or racialized group with the belief that ones own racialized identity is superior.

Question 7

Biological vs Constructive Concepts of Racialization

Answer 7

• ethnicity is socially connstructed but the categories and chanable and sociably constructe
• Category we are placed in can affect our lives, jobs, and connections
• race and racialization is socially constructed

Question 8

Racialized minority

Answer 8

ppl who are treated a certain way because of thier features. Racialization is directed towards ppl who have features different to the majority of the group that holds social power.

Question 9

BIPOC

Answer 9

Black, indigenous, ppl of colour
* dominant group is unaware of struggles of racialized group
* Dominant groups think that racialized groups affect thier status

Question 10

Ethnic enclaves

Answer 10

an area with a high concentration of residents of a particular ethnicity or related ethnicities w a destinct culture and defines boundary
* i.e., vans chinatown

Question 11

Functionalism

Answer 11

• Ethnic identity provides social conectedness
• ethnic diversity provides more values and opinions to enrich society
• immigrants live in cities where ethnic groups have settled like c=van, or toronto
• allows immigrants to get proper support
• Functionalists see diversitiy as benefiting society bcs it promotes diverse perpectives and social practices

Question 12

Conflict theory

Answer 12

• dominant groups benefit from excluding and marginalizing minorities
• crt examines cause and effects of racialization

Question 13

Symbolic interactionism

Answer 13

• ethnic differentiation is constructed by labelling
• code-switching eases moving b/w sociall groups w different values and norms

Question 14

Feminism

Answer 14

• racialized groups are seen as the “other” to highloght socially constructed differences
• examines intersectionality of racialization w/ gender, class, and sexual orientation
• men are treated as the standard and women are seen ad the “other”
• you are ata disdvantage if you are a woman, and severity depends on racialization, class, age, disability, and vulnerability.

Question 15

Stereotypes

Answer 15

Widley held beliefs ab a social group that are simplistic and often false. Stereotypes can be both positive and negative.

Question 16

Critical race theory

Answer 16

a thoery that views racialization as a performance and social construction rather than an innate biological qualitiy.
* racsism is normalized in society which makes it hard to counter
* crt argues that oppression stems ffrom social, eco., and legal differences that white ppl place to maintain status
* crt says that disadvantaged ppl live a reality of inequality as they are the ones who expereince it.

Question 17

racialized (or ethnic) socialization

Answer 17

to evaluate ppl (including ourselves) according to presumed racilized or ethnic differences
* learning what it means socially and culturally to be german, chinese, indian etc.

Question 18

Ethnic solidarity

Answer 18

members of self-conscious communities interact w one another to achieve common purposes
* a sense of belonging is expressed through rituals, ritual objects, symbols, language and colloquieal expression.

Question 19

Code-switching

Answer 19

efferotlessly switching to a different language, dialect, class, and culture
* most commonly seen im children of immigrant parents
* able to adjust body language, expression, and parts of self to fit culture
* i.e., speakimg different to parents or granparents than friends

Question 20

Social Distance

Answer 20

The percieved extent to which social groups are isolated from one another. It is measured by the degree to which a respondent (a member of one social class, racialized group, or ethnicity) would welcome members of anothere social class, racialized group or ethnicity.
* Conflict arises w/ one ethnic or social group opresses another ethnic or social group.

Question 21

Tolerance

Answer 21

The idea that people from various ethnic and racialized backgrounds can come together in a single nation-state anf achieve high levels of trust.
* often dominant group doesnt realize struggles of racialized group
* way to increase tolerance is through social media

Question 22

What are the three core elements of tolerance?

Answer 22

• Cognitive: a willing ability to reflect on inclusion and discrimination
• Evaluative: A sense that minority groups can add a poitive attribution
• Political: a readiness to welcome more immiigrants and help them settle

Question 23

Dispora

Answer 23

the scattering of any group of people.

Question 24

What three things make up disporas?

Answer 24

• Dispersion: communities are separated by national borders
• Homeland orientation: Communities are oriented towards a distant homeland
• Boundary maintance: Communities are cohesive and exclude outsiders.

Question 25

Racializatioin practice

Answer 25

• socially constructed
• racism happens when a group needs t o justify exploitation of another group.
• members of dominant group blame misfortune on marginalized group