Ch8: Cell Diversity

Question 1

What is a tissue?

Answer 1

Group of similar cells that are modified/adapted to carry out the same function(s)

-simple tissues have one cell type
-Complex tissues have multiple cell types

Question 2

Name 4 types of plant tissue

Answer 2

-Dermal
-Vascular
-Meristematic
-Ground

Question 3

Describe dermal tissue in plant cells

Answer 3

-Single layer of cells surrounding the parts of the plant
-Located on leaves, stems and roots
-Slightly thickened cell wall
-Sometimes have a waterproof layer (cuticle) on the outer surface

Question 4

What is the function of dermal tissue in plant cells?

Answer 4

To protect the plant

Question 5

Describe vascular tissue

Answer 5

-Transports materials around the plant
-Xylem and Phloem

Question 6

Describe Xylem and Phloem

Answer 6

XYLEM
-hollow tubes, with openings called pits, that run from roots to leaves
-Transports water and dissolved substances
-Provides support
-Dead cells

PHLOEM
-Transports food

Question 7

Name the 4 types of animal tissues

Answer 7

-Epithelial
-Connective
-Muscular
-Nervous

Question 8

Explain connective tissue

Answer 8

-Number of cells, spread out in a material, that is produced by the connective cells
-E.g. adipose tissue (stores fat), cartilage, bones, blood

Question 9

Function of connective tissue?

Answer 9

Joins and supports other body structures

Question 10

Function of nervous tissue?

Answer 10

Composed of neurons to carry electrical impulses to and from the brain and spinal chord

Question 11

What is an organ?

Answer 11

Structure composes of a number of tissues working together to carry out one or more functions

Question 12

Give examples of plant organs

Answer 12

-Root
-Stem
-Leaves
-Seed
-Fruit

Question 13

Give examples of animal organs

Answer 13

-Stomach
-Brain
-Heart
-Lungs

Question 14

Plant organs:
1. Name one
2. Give its main function
3. Name two types of tissue found in this organ

Answer 14

1. Leaves
2. Photosynthesis
3. Dermal- epidermis
   Vascular- xylem and ploem

Question 15

Animal organs:
1. Name one
2. Give its main function
3. Name two types of tissue found in this organ

Answer 15

1. Heart
2. Pump blood around the body
3. Connective- blood
   Muscular- cardiac muscle walls

Question 16

What are organ systems?

Answer 16

Number of organs working together to carry out one or more functions

Question 17

Name the 10 organ systems in animals

Answer 17

-Skeletal
-Respiratory
-Muscular
-Urinary
-Digestive
-Nervous
-Epithelial
-Endocrine
-Circulatory
-Reproductive

Question 18

What is tissue culture?

Answer 18

The growth of cells in or on a sterile nutrient medium, outside an organism

Question 19

Give examples of tissue culture

Answer 19

-Plant breeding (micropropagation)
-Cancer Research
-Skin grafts

Question 20

Take 2 examples of tissue culture
1. Name a product formed in each case
2. Benefits

Answer 20

PLANT BREEDING
1. large number of plants in a short period of time
2. All plants are genetically identical
Inexpensive

SKIN GRAFTS
1. New skin is grown, using stem cells, for burn patients
2. No need to remove skin from elsewhere in the body
New skin is not rejected as it has been grown from the patient’s own cells