CH7 Survey Research

Question 1

social research method in which researchers ask a sample of individuals to answer a series of questions

Answer 1

survey

Question 2

occurs when social researchers design and carry out their own data collection

Answer 2

primary data collection

Question 3

a resource that was collected by someone else

Answer 3

secondary data collection

Question 4

a survey completed directly by respondents through the mail or online

Answer 4

self-administered questionaire (SAQ)

Question 5

the preset answers on a survey

Answer 5

response categories

Question 6

broad interview questions where subjects respond in their own words rather than in preset ways

Answer 6

open ended questions

Question 7

questions where subjects can respond only in preset ways

Answer 7

close ended questions

Question 8

Respondents may choose not to participate in a survey at all, or they may choose not to respond to particular questions on the survey
If individuals who do and do not respond differ in systematic ways, then the results of the study may be biased

Answer 8

nonresponse

Question 9

It occurs when the approach used to measure a particular variable affects the response provided
It may include the survey design, the interviewer, or the setting

Answer 9

measurement error

Question 10

When the sampling frame does not adequately capture all members of the target population
It results from either systematically omitting respondents or including the same respondents multiple times

Answer 10

coverage error

Question 11

It involves differences between the characteristics of the sample and the characteristics of the population that the sample represents

Answer 11

sampling error

Question 12

the proportion of the people contacted to participate in a survey who actually participate

Answer 12

response rate

Question 13

prepared list of questions

Answer 13

interview schedule

Question 14

a researcher or interviewer interacts with respondents in person. Questions are asked, and responses are recorded during a physical meeting.

Answer 14

face-to-face interviews

Question 15

information about the survey process

Answer 15

paradata

Question 16

where the researcher asks questions and records the respondent’s answers in a preprinted copy of the survey booklet
This is a manual process and susceptible to error from the researcher

Answer 16

Paper-and-pencil interview (PAPI)

Question 17

face-to-face interview where the researcher uses a laptop/tablet that is preprogrammed with all the survey responses and response categories

Answer 17

computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI)

Question 18

a common psychological phenomenon that occurs when individuals respond to survey questions or provide information in a way that presents themselves in a more socially favorable or socially acceptable light, rather than providing completely honest or accurate responses.

Answer 18

social desirability bias

Question 19

Strengths
Interviewers can ensure that respondents understand the questions and do not skip any that are troubling or sensitive.

Limitations
The characteristics of the interviewer may influence how the respondents answer the questions.

Answer 19

face-to-face interviews

Question 20

involve researchers calling respondents and conducting interviews over the phone.

Answer 20

telephone surveys

Question 21

researchers send questionnaires or surveys by mail to respondents, who complete and return them.

Answer 21

mail surveys

Question 22

conducted through web-based platforms, where respondents complete questionnaires via the internet.

Answer 22

online surveys

Question 23

part of the question that presents the issue of discussion

Answer 23

stem

Question 24

where answers do not overlap and have at least one accurate response, respectively

Answer 24

mutually exclusive and exhaustive

Question 25

close-ended questions that use a series of ordered categories

Answer 25

rating scales

Question 26

Scale asking respondents (Likely, Not likely, sometimes, always)

Answer 26

Likert scales

Question 27

closed-ended questions that agree or disagree and tend to produce the best quality data

Answer 27

forced-choice

Question 28

when agree-disagree rating scale respondents tend to answer “agree”

Answer 28

acquiescence bias

Question 29

type of close-ended question that asks the respondent to rank-order their priorities or preferences.

Answer 29

ranking items

Question 30

combines multiple items, whether as a scale or an index, to create a single value that captures a multifaceted concept

Answer 30

composite measure

Question 31

a sum of responses to multiple survey items that capture a particular concept being measured

Answer 31

index

Question 32

averages the responses of items to capture a particular concept

Answer 32

scale

Question 33

where a question asks about two or more ideas in a single question

Answer 33

double barreled question

Question 34

a system of organizing information about a data set, including the variables it contains, the possible values for each variable, coding schemes, and decision rules

Answer 34

codebook

Question 35

the tendency to select the same answer to several sequential questions, perhaps out of boredom or a desire to quickly finish the survey

Answer 35

response set

Question 36

occur when the order in which questions appear biases the responses

Answer 36

order effects

Question 37

a type of order effect in which exposure to a particular image, word, or feeling shapes how respondents think and feel in the immediate aftermath

Answer 37

priming effects

Question 38

4 types of errors in surveys

Answer 38

nonresponse
measurement error
coverage error
sampling error