CH7: Groups and Teamwork Flashcards
Define a group/team
2+ people interacting interdependently to achieve a common goal
Define interdependence
Group members rely on each other to accomplish goals
What are the typical stages of group development
Forming -> Storming -> Norming -> Performing -> Adjourning
What is the Punctuated equilibrium model
Model of group development that describes how groups with deadlines are affected by their 1st meetings & crucial midpoint transitions
(Successful midpoint = high group performance)
Characteristics of the stable social organization of a group (5 of them)
-Group size
-Group diversity
-Group norms
-Group roles
-Group status
What happens in a large group size?
There is less satisfaction.
What does the relationship between group size and performance depend on?
The task.
Best group size:
5 people
3 types of tasks
-Additive tasks
-Disjunctive tasks
Conjunctive tasks
Define additive tasks and give an example.
Performance depends on all members
Ex. Building a house
Define disjunctive task.
Performance depends on most skilled member
Ex. Math problem solving
Define conjunctive task
Performance depends on worse-skilled member.
Ex. Group rock climbing
Issue with diverse groups.
More difficult time communicating effectively & becoming cohesive.
Takes longer to form, storm, norm
Pros with diverse groups.
-Has more creativity and innovative solutions
-Healthy level of conflict that leads to decision making
-Leadership helps get through forming, storming, norming
Define group cohesiveness
Degree to which group is especially attractive to its members
Causes of group cohesiveness (7 things)
-External threat
-Success
-Homogeneity
-Small size
-Severe initiation
-Time
-Isolation
Assets of group cohesiveness. (3 things)
-Participation
-Conformity
-Success
Liabilities of group cohesiveness (2 things)
-Work against organization goals
-Groupthink
Draw the productivity curves for groups varying in cohesiveness
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/547702489093242901/1052343640837595227/image.png
They won’t let me add pic.
Is teamwork always the answer?
No.
Many organizations jump on the “teams bandwagon”
Team-related questions organizations should ask themselves. (2 questions)
-Do people need to work together to get the task done effectively?
-Is expertise limited to a few people?
6 common mistakes with teams:
-Use team for work better done by individuals
-Call the unit a team but manage members as individuals
-Fail to balance team/manager powers
-Completely remove all structure
-Set high goals but don’t provide support
-Assume that all members have the skills they need to work as a team
What is The Hackman Model of Team Effectiveness and list all. (5 things)
Factors for a successful team
-Make sure work is suited to team structure
-Prepare the team
-Give team direction, but let them take control over how to get there
-Create structures that support teams
-Provide team training
Define social loafing
The tendency that people have to withhold physical or intellectual effort when they are performing a group task
