ch7: flexibility training Flashcards
the greatest decline in ROM w/ age is observed in
spinal extension
dec jnt ROM with age
spinal ext decline by 50%
hip extension decline by 20%
kn flexion decline by 2% (less cause of walking)
dec ROM greater in upper or lower
lower extremity
h/s dec +/- 14% per decade
joint stiffness implication
- inc w/ age
- lead to dec ROM
- one of the most common complaints of OA
clinical def of jnt stiffness
sensation of dif moving a jnt or apparent loss of ROM. it often accompanies jnt pain and swelling
rel of jnt pain and stifness
jnt pain -> jnt mvt -> disuse atrophy -> jnt stiffness
what factors contribute to stiffness in OA
- with age: dec m. mass, inc connective tissue
- connective tissue involved immobility
- with age, change in the chemical composition of the connective tissue matrix & collagen
- breakdown of articular surfaces in the weight-bearing jnts
change in chemical composition of the connective tissue matrix & collagen
- loss of water content
- connective tissue
*less extensible - more resistant to being deformed
by the age of 75 y/o what % have osteoarthritic changes
85%
Basic ADLs
self-care tasks
- Dressing/bathing
-Eating
- Ambulating
- Toileting
- Hygiene
(DEATH)
IADLs
- Shopping
- Housekeeping
- Accounting
- Food prep/meds
- Telephone/transportation
(SHAFT)
what do OA typically improve on when improving flexibility
muscular strength
mechanism causing inc muscular strength when improving felxibility
- effort spent to gain ROM is sufficient to challenge surrounding musculature and slightly inc strength
- inc jnt ROM may rel the muscles to such an extent that they can be used more readily and more efficiently
critical range
absolute minimum ROM required to perform a certain activity
special considerations after knee surgery
rarely flex past 110deg
special considerations after hip surgery
- no hip flex past 90 deg
- no internal rot of the hip
- no hip add past midline
critical ranges of flex for putting clothes on
90deg elevation
45deg ext rot
critical ranges of flex for fastening or unfastening clothes in back
(use back scratch test)
45 abd
70 int rot
10 extension
which activity requires the greatest exertion at hip, knee, ank
getting down onto & up from floor
mode of exercise used to imp flexibility in OA
- trad stretching
- dance
- tai chi
- aquatic exercise
what is the most imp when training flex in OA
stressing the end range of jnt motion
what is static stretch best for
improving ROM
cool-down
what is dynamic stretch best for
warming up body and muscles
static vs pff OA vs ya
YA respond better to PNF
OA benefit better from static
when should dynamic stretches be introduce
- when m. are warmer
- to participants w/ poor body awareness
guidelines for felxibility exercises
- emphasize jnt that have significant dec in jnt ROM
- stretch to a point of gentle tension but not pain
- do not jerk, bounce, or force a stretch
breathing while stretching
- inhale before the start of the stretch
- heal during the stretch
- breathe every while holding the stretch
