Ch.6: Lipids and CVD

Question 1

Lipids

Answer 1

triglycerides, phospohlipids, and sterols

All contain CHO and none dissolve in water

Question 2

Fats

Answer 2

dissolces in organic solvents, ex benzene and ether.

CH and some O

Question 3

Oils

Answer 3

unsaturated fatty acid

1+ double bonds

Question 4

Emulsification

Answer 4

incr the SA of lipids and allows pancreatic lipase to efficientyl break trigylicerides into monoglycerides and free fatty acids

Question 5

Micelles

Answer 5

water-soluble, spherical structures formed by lecithin and bile acids.
Lipids enclosed within micelles dont separate out into an oily layer, as they normally do

Question 6

Chylomicron

Answer 6

Lipoprotein made of dietary fats that are surrounds by a shell of cholesterol, phospholipids, and protein.
Formed in absorptive cells (enterocytes) in the Small intestine after fat absorption

Question 7

VLDL

Answer 7

very-low-density-lipoprotein; diet contains 400-800kcal per day, often in liquid form.
Consists of carbs and PSMF (Protein Sparing Modified Fats)

Question 8

LDL

Answer 8

low-density lipoprotein; lipoprotein in the blood containing primarily cholesterol; High LDL cholesterol is linked to cardiovascular disease

Question 9

HDL

Answer 9

High Density Lipoprotein; lipoprotein that picks up cholesterol from cells and transfers it to the liver.
Low HDL linked to cardiovascular diease

Question 10

Methyl

Answer 10

CH3

Question 11

Carboxyl

Answer 11

-COOH

Question 12

Delta System

Answer 12

Describes fatty acids in relation to the carboxyl end, indicates the location of all double bonds.
# carbon in chain : # double bonds
n-# is placement of double bond

Question 13

2 Essential Fatty Acids

Answer 13

Alpha-linolenic Acid: omega-3, fish, walnuts

Linoleic Acid: omega 6, oils, eggs

Question 14

Role of Triglyceride

Answer 14

Concentrated source of energy
Insulate and cushion organs
Transport essential nutrients

Question 15

Role of Body Fat

Answer 15

Insulate and protect the body

Question 16

Phospholipid

Answer 16

class of fat-related substances that contain phosphorus, fatty acids, and nitrogen-containing base

Question 17

Function of phospholipid

Answer 17

Cell membrane component

Emulsifier

Question 18

Sterol

Answer 18

Compound containing a steroid structure and a hydroxyl group

Question 19

Functions of Sterol

Answer 19

Make sex hormones
Make bile
Allows fat-soluble substances to move in and out of the cell
Produces Cholesterol

Question 20

Major Site of Fat Digestion

Answer 20

Small Intestine

Question 21

Short/Medium chain fatty acids go into the ____ system

Answer 21

cardiovascular

Question 22

Monoglycerides & long chain datty acids are absorbed into the ___ system

Answer 22

lymphatic

Question 23

where are micelles absorbed

Answer 23

pancreas

Question 24

Chylomicron

Answer 24

lipoprotein made of dietary fats

Question 25

How are fats transported in the blood

Answer 25

as chylomicrons

Question 26

Good cholesterol

Answer 26

HDL

Question 27

Bad Cholesterol

Answer 27

LDL