Ch6 Interpersonal Communications Flashcards
Communication that takes place between two people that have established a relationship
Interpersonal Communication
Standard for Fire Officer Professional Qualifications
NFPA 1021
Three most common forms of communication
- Informal Interpersonal
- Formal Oral
- Written
Six basic elements of interpersonal communication
- Sender
- Message
- Medium or Channel
- Receiver
- Interference
- Feedback to the sender
Originates a message by encoding or turning thoughts and mental images into words
Sender
The meaning, idea or concept that a speaker is attempting to communicate to the listener or receiver
Message
The path that the message take between the sender and receiver
Medium or Channel
Receives a message and decodes or interprets it
Receiver
A factor that prevents the receiver from fully receiving a message
Interference
May be internal or external sources
Completes the communication process, resulting in an ongoing cycle
Feedback to the sender
Five general purposes for interpersonal communication
- Learn
- Relate
- Influence
- Play
- Help
Acquire knowledge or skills
Learn
Establish a new relationship or maintain an existing one
Relate
Control, direct or manipulate behavior
Influence
Create a diversion and gain pleasure or gratification
Play
Minister to the needs of another person or console someone in the time of tragedy or loss
Help
A word may not mean the same to all people; meaning may even change over time from generation to generation and region to region
Arbitrary
Fireman -> Firefighter
Word meanings are not specific or do not have agreed-upon definitions
Ambiguous
Boot vs Trunk
Meanings are generalizations rather than concrete or tangible meanings
Abstract
Tool vs Pry Bar
Speech communication research indicates that nonverbal communication transmits from __% to __% of the message
55%, 93%
Nonverbal elements are what percentage of the message?
55%
Vocal tones and inflections are what percentage of the message?
38%
Verbal message is what percentage of total message?
7%
Body motion and position
Kinesics
Vowel sounds or tones used to create the verbal message
Paralanguage or vocalics
Clothing, touch, use of time and control of the speaker’s environment
Self-presentation
Main elements of kinesics (5)
- Eye contact
- Facial expression
- Gestures
- Posture
- Poise
Six basic emotions
- Happy
- Sad
- Surprise
- Fear
- Anger
- Disgust
Gestures used in North America play the following five roles in communication
- Emblems
- Illustrators
- Affect Displays
- Regulators
- Adaptors
Gestures that take the place of verbal communication
Emblems
-thumbs up
Gestures that are used to emphasize or assist in the understanding of the verbal message
Illustrators
-That bass was 18” long [———]
Gestures that go with a verbal expression of feeling
Affect displays
-grimace of pain
Gestures that are used to control the flow of the verbal conversation
Regulators
-nodding, raised eyebrows, shift in posture
Unconscious gestures that are used to relieve stress in a speaker
Adaptors
-wringing hands, tapping foot
The accumulation of all other nonverbal elements into one image of self-confidence and authority
Poise
Time is compartmentalized with events scheduled in linear succession and allotted specific amounts of time
Monochronic
Time is viewed as cyclical. Punctuality isn’t important…
Polychronic
Physiological process that involves sound waves striking the eardrums
Hearing
Active part of the communication process that includes attending, understanding, remembering, evaluating and responding to a speaker
Listening
Paying attention to the speaker; focusing on the speaker and ignoring other distractions
Attending
Decoding the message and assigning meaning to it
Understanding
Retaining the message
Remembering
Critically analyzing the message to determine how factual it really is
Evaluating
Verifiable data that can support the decision making process
Facts
Generalization that may not be verifiable without additional data
Opinion
Completes the communication process and means an exchange of roles (the listener becomes the speaker and vice versa)
Responding
