Ch28 Fire and Life Safety Inspections Flashcards
A form of audience/spectator accommodation in which no seating, other than a floor or ground surface, is provided for the audience to gather and observe a performance
Festival seating
Funds spent on a _______ __________ approach can significantly reduce the funds required for emergency responses and restoration of facilities and services following an emergency
Proactive preventive
A condition, substance, or device that can directly cause an injury or loss
Hazard
The likelihood of suffering harm from a hazard
Risk
Risk reduction model that groups community risk into two broad categories: natural and man-made risks
All-Hazards Risk Reduction Model
The total sum of all natural and human-caused risks that a community may suffer
Community Risk
Four steps of assessing the community or neighborhood risk
- Identify the risks
- Describe the people affected by the risk
- Describe the cause of the risk
- Prioritize the risks
Hazards that are caused by the perceived careless actions of individuals or groups
Behavioral Hazards
Hazards resulting from actions that are meant to cause property destruction of life loss
Intentional Hazards
Hazards consisting of incidents that are generally out of the control of humans
Natural Hazards
Potential hazards indicated by the structure or its occupancy use
Occupancy Related Hazards
Two programs in which single-family dwellings may be included for the purpose of fire inspections
- Voluntary home inspection program
- Physical survey of all residential neighborhoods in the response area
Two purposes for fire inspections
- To ensure that fire and life safety code requirements are adhered to within publicly accessible facilities
- To provide the owner/occupant with safety education materials and information
Conditions that allow emergency responders and law enforcement officers to enter a structure without a warrant
Exigent Circumstances
When fire inspections may be required (4)
- Annually
- When a Certificate of Occupancy has been requested by a new occupant
- After substantial renovation to the structure
- After repairs are made following a fire
The single most important life safety item to be inspected
Means of egress from the building
A continuous and unobstructed way of travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way
Means of Egress
Three parts of a means of egress
- Exit access
- The exit
- Exit discharge
A way out of a building or structure that does not conform to the strict definition of means of egress but does provide an alternate way out
Means of Escape
That portion of a means of egress that leads to an exit
Exit Access
That portion of a means of egress that is separated from all other spaces of the building or structure by construction or equipment as required to provide a protected way of travel to the exit discharge
Exit
Way of passage from one building to an area of refuge in another building on approximately the same level, or a way of passage through or around a fire barrier to an area of refuge on approximately the same level in the same building that affords safety from fire and smoke originating from the area of incidence and areas communicating therewith
Horizontal Exit
The lowest story or the story with the smallest elevation change needed to reach grade
Level of exit discharge
A street, alley, or other similar parcel of land essentially open to the outside air deeded, dedicated, or otherwise permanently appropriated to the public for public use and having a clear width and height of not less that 3m (10ft)
Public Way
Classification for contents of such low combustibility that a self-propagating fire cannot occur in them
Low Hazard
Classification for contents that are likely to burn with moderate rapidity or give off a considerable volume of smoke
Ordinary Hazard
Classification for contents that are likely to burn with extreme rapidity or from which explosions are likely
High Hazard
Only two special hazard symbols presently authorized for use on an NFPA 704 sign
W and OX
Four sections of NFPA 704 sign
Blue - Health
Red - Flammability
Yellow - Instability
White - Special Hazards
National Fire Alarm Code (NFPA Standard)
NFPA 72
They initiate an alarm signal only on the premises where they are installed
Local Alarm System
Connected directly to a municipal alarm box located on the street adjacent to the building. When activated by a fire, the system transmits a signal to the FD by the same means as an alarm from any other street box
Auxiliary Alarm System
Similar to auxiliary systems…transmit an alarm by some means other than the municipal fire alarm box circuits, usually over a leased telephone line
Remote Station System
Each building in a complex is protected by separate system connected to a common receiving point somewhere on the premises
Proprietary System
System operator works in a receiving point off the protected premises and is an employee of the alarm service company
Central Station System
Their purpose is to increase the capability of transmitting detailed information to occupants and/or emergency responders who are on the premises
Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications System
Standard for the Installation of Stationary Fire Pumps for Fire Protection (2007)
NFPA 20
NFPA 20 requires fire pumps to be run for at least __min per ____
30 minutes per week
Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems (2007)
NFPA 1221
Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
NFPA 14
Class of standpipe systems intended to be used by fire service personnel
Class I
Class of standpipe systems intended to be used by building occupants
Class II
Class of standpipe systems that combine the features of the other classes and are intended to be used by firefighter, brigade members, and untrained occupants
Class III
Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 17
Dry chem system that is specifically calculated and constructed for a particular occupancy
Engineered System
Dry chem system that is designed to protect a given amount of area in any type of occupancy
Preengineered System
Most common type of dry chem system…designed to discharge agent directly onto a relatively small area
Local Application System
Dry chem system installed in areas where a heavy cloud of agent is needed to fill the entire space when it is discharged
Total Flooding System
Standard for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 17A
Wet chemical system agent is usually a mixture of water and either _______________ or ______________
Potassium Carbonate; Potassium Acetate
Standard for Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 12
A warning to anyone in the room of an impending discharge so that they can immediately leave the compartment
Predischarge alarm for total flooding CO2 system
Halogenated agents are principally effective on Class _ and Class _ fires
Class B; Class C
One feature unique to Halon systems
An abort switch to cancel an inadvertent actuation of the system
Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems (2004)
NFPA 2001
An electrically nonconducting, volatile, or gaseous fire extinguishant that does not leave a residue upon evaporation
Clean agent
Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
NFPA 10
Contains an expellant gas and an extinguishing agent in a single chamber
Stored pressure extinguisher
Has the expellant gas stored in a separate cartridge, while the extinguishing agent is contained in an adjacent cylinder
Cartridge-operated extinguisher
Discharges its agent by the manual operation of a pump
Pump-operated extinguisher
Max mounted height of top of extinguisher that weighs less than 40#
5 feet above the floor
Max mounted height of top of extinguisher that weighs more than 40#
3.5 feet above the floor
Min gap from floor to bottom of mounted extinguisher
4 inches
