Ch.6 Human body

Question 1

Coronal (frontal)

Answer 1

Front and back

Question 2

Transverse (axial)

Answer 2

Top and bottom

Question 3

Sagittal (lateral)

Answer 3

Left and right

Question 4

Midsagittal (midline)

Answer 4

Left and right (equal halves)

Question 5

bones in body

Answer 5

206

Question 6

axial skeleton

Answer 6

longitudinal axis, from skull to tailbone (coccyx)
-skull, facial bones, thoracic cage, vertebral column

Question 7

appendicular skeleton

Answer 7

upper and lower extremities, and connection points

Question 8

joint

Answer 8

two bones meet

Question 9

ligaments

Answer 9

bone to bone

Question 10

tendons

Answer 10

bone to muscle

Question 11

cartilage

Answer 11

cushion between bones

Question 12

cranium

Answer 12

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid bones

Question 13

skull

Answer 13

28 bones
cranium, facial (14) , ear bones (3)

Question 14

foramen magnum

Answer 14

opening at base of cranium, passageway for spinal cord to connect with brain

Question 15

radius
ulna

Answer 15

R: lateral
U: medial

Question 16

pelvic girdle

Answer 16

2 hip bones (coxae), sacrum, coccyx
coxa formed by illium, ischium, pubis

Question 17

acetabulum

Answer 17

hip joint

Question 18

tibia

Answer 18

medial side
shinbone
larger

Question 19

fibula

Answer 19

lateral side

Question 20

Muscle types

Answer 20

skeletal, smooth, cardiac (myocardium)

Question 21

Musculoskeletal physiology

Answer 21

Movement
Generate heat
protects underlying structures

Question 22

Heart pumps

Answer 22

Left: high-pressure to body
Right: low-pressure to lungs

Question 23

Cardiac Output (CO)

Answer 23

Amount of blood moved in 1 minute
CO=HR x SV
Heart rate x stroke volume

Question 24

Stroke volume

Answer 24

Amount of blood moved in 1 beat

Question 25

Aorta

Answer 25

main artery leaving back left side of heart; carries oxygenated blood to body
Aorta-arteries-aterioles

Question 26

Central pulses

Answer 26

Carotid
Femoral

Question 27

Peripheral pulses

Answer 27

Radial
Brachial
Posterior tibial
Dorsalis pedis (top of foot)

Question 28

Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)

Answer 28

amount of force exerted on blood by vasculature

Question 29

Spleen

Answer 29

Solid organ
LUQ
Lymphatic
Circulatory support: screens blood, removes old/damaged cells
Source of severe internal bleeding

Question 30

Blood Pressure

Answer 30

force of circulating blood against walls of arteries
Systole: left ventricle contracts
Diastole: ventricle relaxes and refills with blood

Question 31

Mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Answer 31

MAP=(HRxSV) x SVR
=CO x SVR

Question 32

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 32

brain and spinal cord

Question 33

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 33

Nerves outside brain and spinal cord that link CNS to organs

Question 34

PNS divisions

Answer 34

Somatic nervous system: (voluntary control)
Autonomic nervous system: automatic: digestion, dilation, sweating

Question 35

Brain divisions

Answer 35

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem

Question 36

Cerebrum

Answer 36

Largest portion 3/4
Higher brain function: vision, speech, reasoning + learning, motor control
2 hemispheres, each with 4 lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occiptal

Question 37

Cerebellum

Answer 37

Control balance, muscle coordination, posture

Question 38

Brainstem

Answer 38

Involuntary life-supporting function
HR, breathing, temp, digestion, wake/sleep
-midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 39

Autonomic nervous system divisions

Answer 39

Sympathetic: fight or flight-increase activity: fast HR, increase energy production
Parasympathetic: slow activity: rest and digest, slow HR + contraction

Question 40

Sensory Nerves
Motor Nerves

Answer 40

S: carry info to brain
M: carry info from brain to muscles

Question 41

Integumentary system

Answer 41

Protect body from environment, maintain temp, transmit sensory information