ch6 - 2

Question 1

List pre-experimental designs

Answer 1

• One-shot case study
• One-group pretest-post test
• Static group

Question 2

Pre-experimental design: One-shot case study

Answer 2

Goal: cause-effect
Notation: X 0
Remarks: No comparison possible

Question 3

Pre-experimental design: One-group pretest-post test

Answer 3

Goal: Investigate influence of a variable
Notation: X 0 X
Remarks: No control for extraneous variables

Question 4

Pre-experimental design: Static group

Answer 4

Goal: Comparing a treatment with a control group
Notation: EG: X 01
CG: X 02
Remarks: EG and CG can differ

Question 5

List true experimental designs

Answer 5

• Pretest posttest control group
• Posttest-only control group
• Solomon four-group

Question 6

True experimental design: pretest posttest control group

Answer 6

Goal: control for confounds
Notation: EG: R 01 X 02
CG: R 03 04
Remarks: The old workhorse of traditional experimentation

Question 7

True experimental design: posttest-only control group

Answer 7

Goal: when pre-tests are not possible
Notation: EG: R X 01
CG: R 02
Remarks: more simple than PPCG - mortality effects possible

Question 8

True experimental design: Solomon four group design

Answer 8

Goal: minimise effects of pre-testing
Notation: EG1: R 01 X 02
                CG1: R 03    04
                EG2: R     X 05
                CG2: R.        06
Remarks: Strongest form of experimental control, takes into account retest effects

Question 9

Quasi experimental designs

Answer 9

No random allocation, internal validity is low. These designs are often used in field research and involve measurement of variables consecutive over time; time series.

Question 10

Factorial design

Answer 10

•Design with more than one IV
•Test for interaction/moderation effect
2x2 research design

Preview: analysing your full factorial experiment
•If IV’s are categorical and DV is continuous, as is often the case in experimental designs: See notebook

Question 11

Internal vs external validity

Answer 11

• Internal validity is about the proposed relationships: does the bonus (X) indeed lead to increased performance (Y), and not just another (extraneous) variable. External validity is about the ability to generalise to other settings (other tasks ,other companies, etc).
• When you are confident that X really leads to Y, internal validity is high.