CH5

Question 1

nonverbal behavior

Answer 1

all the nonverbal actions people perform

Question 2

nonverbal communication

Answer 2

the sending and receiving of information through appearance, objects, the environment, and behavior

Question 3

nonverbal codes

Answer 3

distinct, organized means of expression that consists of symbols and rules for their use

Question 4

kinesics

Answer 4

nonverbal communication sent by the body, including gestures, posture, movement, facial expressions, and eye behavior

Question 5

gestures

Answer 5

nonverbal communication made with part of the body, including actions such as pointing, waving, or holding up a hand to direct people’s attention

Question 6

illustrators

Answer 6

signals that accompany speech to clarify or emphasize the verbal message

Question 7

emblems

Answer 7

gestures that stand for a specific verbal meaning

Question 8

adaptors

Answer 8

gestures used to manage emotions

Question 9

regulators

Answer 9

gestures used to control conversations

Question 10

posture and movement

Answer 10

kinesics behaviors that communicate messages by how immediate or relaxed they are

Question 11

immediacy

Answer 11

how close or involved people appear to be with each other

Question 12

relaxation

Answer 12

the degree of tension displayed by the body

Question 13

paralinguistics

Answer 13

all aspects of spoken language except for the words themselves; includes rate, volume, pitch, and stress

Question 14

voice qualities

Answer 14

qualities such as pitch, rhythm, vocal range, and articulation that make up the “music” of the human voice

Question 15

vocalizations

Answer 15

uttered sounds that do not have the structure of language

Question 16

chronemics

Answer 16

the study of the way people use time as a message

Question 17

monochronically

Answer 17

engaging in one task or behavior at a time

Question 18

polychronically

Answer 18

engaging in multiple activities simultaneously

Question 19

proxemics

Answer 19

the study of how people use spatial cues, including interpersonal distance, territoriality, and other space relationships, to communicate

Question 20

intimate distance

Answer 20

(zero to eighteen inches) the space used when interacting with those with whom one is very close

Question 21

personal distance

Answer 21

(eighteen inches to four feet) the space used when interacting with friends and acquaintances

Question 22

social distance

Answer 22

(four to twelve feet) the distance most U.S. Americans use when they interact with unfamiliar others

Question 23

public distance

Answer 23

(twelve to twenty-five feet) the distance used for public ceremonies such as lectures and performances

Question 24

haptics

Answer 24

the study of the communicative function of touch

Question 25

professional touch

Answer 25

type of touch used by certain workers, such as dentists, hairstylists, and hospice workers, as part of their livelihood; also known as functional touch

Question 26

social-polite touch

Answer 26

touch that is part of daily interaction in the United States; it is more intimate than professional touch but still impersonal

Question 27

friendship touch

Answer 27

touch that is more intimate than social-polite touch and usually conveys warmth, closeness, and caring

Question 28

love-intimate touch

Answer 28

the touch most often used with one’s romantic partners and family

Question 29

demand touching

Answer 29

a type of touch used to establish dominance and power

Question 30

artifacts

Answer 30

physical objects including cars, clothing, and other material items

Question 31

communicating information

Answer 31

using nonverbal behaviors to help clarify verbal messages and reveal attitudes and motivation

Question 32

regulating interaction

Answer 32

using nonverbal behaviors to help manage conversational interaction

Question 33

expressing and managing intimacy

Answer 33

using nonverbal behaviors to help convey attraction and closeness

Question 34

establishing social control

Answer 34

using nonverbal communication to exercise influence over other people

Question 35

service-task functions

Answer 35

using nonverbal behavior to signal close involvement between people in impersonal relationships and contexts

Question 36

Microaggressions

Answer 36

brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative prejudicial slights and insults toward any group, particularly marginalized groups

Question 37

congruent

Answer 37

verbal and nonverbal messages that express the same meaning

Question 38

contradicting

Answer 38

verbal and nonverbal messages that send conflicting messages