CH2 Flashcards
Identity
who a person is; composed of individual and social categories a person identifies with, as well as the categories that others identify with that person
Symbolic interactionism
individuals’ meanings for the objects, actions, and people around them arise out of social, or symbolic, interaction with others
reflected appraisals
the idea that people’s self-images arise primarily from the ways that others view them and from the many messages they have received from others about who they are
looking-glass self
the idea that self-image results from the images others reflect back to an individual
particular others
the important people in an individual’s life whose opinions and behavior influence the various aspects of identity
generalized other
the collection of roles, rules, norms, beliefs, and attitudes endorsed by the community in which a person lives
self-fulfilling prophecy
when an individual expects something to occur, the expectation increases the likelihood that it will, as the expectation influences behavior
stereotype threat
process in which reminding individuals of stereotypical expectations regarding important identities can impact their performance
self-concept
the understanding of one’s unique characteristics as well as the similarities to, and differences from, others
self-esteem
part of one’s self-concept; arises out of how one perceives and interprets reflected appraisals and social comparisons
self-respect
treating others, and expecting to be treated, with respect and dignity
performance of identity
the process or means by which we show the world who we think we are
self-presentation
influencing others’ impressions by creating an image that is consistent with one’s personal identity
enacting identities
performing scripts deemed proper for particular identities
role expectations
the expectation that one will perform in a particular way because of the social role occupied
mutable
subject to change
racial identity
identification with a particular racial group
multiracial identity
one who self-identifies as having more than one racial identity
national identity
a person’s citizenship
ethnic identity
identification with a particular group with which one shares some or all of these characteristics: national or tribal affiliation, religious beliefs, language, and/or cultural and traditional origins and background
gender identity
how and to what extent one identifies with the social construction of masculinity and femininity
cisgender
someone whose gender identity matches their biological sex
transgender
someone whose gender identity does not match their biological sex
enby
Someone who does not identify as either male or female, or non-binary
sexual identity
which of the various categories of sexuality one identifies with
gender fluid
Someone whose gender identity is not fixed but is dynamic and changes in different contexts at different times
age identity
a combination of self-perception of age along with what others understand that age to mean
social class identity
an informal ranking of people in a culture based on their income, occupation, education, dwelling, child-rearing habits, and other factors
disability identity
identification with physical or mental impairment that substantially impact everyday life
religious identity
aspect of identity defined by one’s spiritual beliefs
intersectionality
Not an identity itself but refers to the ways that various identities come together in different contexts to shape our communication experiences
