ch4 quiz Flashcards
what happened april 18, 1775?
General Gage sends troops to seize minutemen supplies at concord and arrest hancock and adams (seen as leaders of the rev)
who alerts the countryside that the loyalists are coming?
Revere, Dawes, and Prescott
how many minutemen out of ___ are killed on the town green (Lexington)?
8 out 70
both the ___ and _____ march to ______ after lexington. the British are forced to retreat at the ______. as they march back to Boston ____ attack them from _______.
british and minutemen, concord, old north bridge, minutemen, behind trees, barns, etc.
Massachusetts captured ______ and ___________ on _________ and are forced to drag the cannons to Boston because they are short of supplies.
Fort Ticonderoga, Crown Point on Lake Champlin
What happened at the Battle of Bunker Hill?
Night of June 16 - minutemen fortify the hill (high ground)
Day - British try to force them out and only succeed when the mm run out of ammunition (3rd try)
How many british casualties were there at bunker hill?
1000/2500
why was the battle of bunker hill good for the mm?
it is morale boosting knowing they can hold off the best army in the world
what was common sense about?
thomas paine, called for complete independence and attacked the idea of monarchy, but the king specifically
who was on the committee to write the formal declaration of independence?
ben franklin, john adams, roger sherman, and robert livingston
what are the four parts of the declaration of independence?
the preamble, theory of gov’t/ natural rights of man, list of grievances, and the actual declaration
list 4 american advantages in the revolution
- knowledge of the land
- skills from the french and indian war
- strong leaders
- rally local support
- motivation (fighting for a cause)
- foreign help
list 4 american disadvantages of the revolution
- lack of supplies
- lack of training
- weaker navy
- weaker central gov’t
- not everyone supported war
list 4 british advantages of the revolution
- well trained army
- strongest navy in the world
- significant resources
- loyalist help
- ability to fund war
- supply line
list 4 british disadvantages of the revolution
- distance from battlegrounds
- no knowledge of the land
- lots of enemies
- too much land to cover/ conquer
- lack of personal motivation
- poor leadership
what was john adams estimate of loyalists compared to historians?
1/3 all vs. 2/5 patriots, 2/5 neutral, 1/5 loyalists
how does the battle of long island start?
howe lands 32K men at Staten Island while a fleet under his brother floats off the coast
what is the outcome of the battle of long island?
howe wins, but hesitates and washington escapes
what happens after the battle of long island?
howe attacks NYC and washington withdraws to the Harlem Heights and eventually NJ, Washington attacks hessian troops there -> scores a morale boosting victory and gets people to re-enlist
what were the three directions the british came from when they tried to take NY to cut off NE from the other colonies?
south from montreal down the hudson river, east along the mohawk, up the hudson from NY
when all of the british forces going to NY have a hard time getting there, who wins at saratoga?
the americans
what does the american’s win at saratoga mean for them?
French backing (might have happened anyway) and the french-american treaty of amity and commerce
after losing Philly to Howe in september 1777, Washington settled into ________ at _________ to do what?
winter camp at valley forge to watch the british at the same time as making sure they couldn’t muster a suprise attack against the americans
what were 4 results of the winter camp at valley forge?
- the soldiers suffered from hunger and cold
- supply system collapsed
- continental army melted away during winter
- those who remained became a seasoned professional army trained by Von Steuban
