addition to ch4 deck Flashcards
how did the british strategy change when they move the war south
fighting in northern states becomes small unit clashes, the major fights happen in the south
where does british effort first concentrate itself when the war is moved south
south carolina and georgia
when does savannah fall to the british
late 1778
why is most of the continental army transferred south in 1779
because most settled parts of georgia were overrun and they needed to do something
when does general clinton attack charlestown and what is the result
1780, surrendered in may when 3,000 colonial soldiers were captured
when clinton surrenders at charlestown, he returns to ___ , leaving ________ and ________ troops
when clinton surrenders at charlestown, he returns to new york, leaving general cornwallis and 8,000 troops
the ___ behavior of british troops spurred spots of _____ through occupied southern areas, result?
callous, resistance
it was offensive so people joined the patroit cause
in june 1780, congress put _______ in charge of the southern army, result?
horatio gates, his failure led to replacement by general nathanial greene
what was nathanial greene known as
washington’s best general
what did greene do when he was first put in charge?
he divided the troops and staged a series of raids at scattered points
who won the battle of cowpens
american
what happened after the battle of cowpens
Cornwallis chased Greene but lost again at the Guilford courthouse town, Cornwallis withdrew to Wilmington, NC to be resupplied by the navy –> leads to greene regaining control of the Carolina backcountry
what did Cornwallis do leading up to the battle of Yorktown? (to get there and why when there)
marched north to Virginia where he joined forces with troops under Benedict Arnold who had defected to the british in 1780, established base where he could be supplied by sea
what was the heavy french involvement to win at yorktown?
Washington works with comte de Rochambeau and his french troops in Newport, RI, and admiral Francois de grasses and his west Indian fleet to bottle up cornwallis at yorktown
what happened at yorktown?
washington tricks clinton into thinking he was attacking NY, heading south and reaching yourktown in september instead, joins with lafayette and Degrassi to total 17k troops -> Cornwallis asks for terms on October 17 and surrenders 7k troops on october 19
what does Yorktown mark?
the end of the big fighting, not the revolution
who was Lord North replaced with when he resigned in march 1782
Lord Rockingham prepared to negotiate with the colonists
the continental congress ________, however they realized the _____ had their own interests and hinted to the _____ they would be willing to _________
sent commission to negotiate, french, British, discuss a separate peace agreement
Richard Oswald
British rep, entered negotiations over peace treaties
when was the preliminary treaty signed (peace am rev)
3 months after Yorktown, November 1782
what did the treaty of Paris 1783 do (5)?
-specified borders
-let US grant banks
-made British withdraw troops
-not hinder collection of debts owed to British merchants
-congress recommend states reimburse Tories for siezed property
why did early attempts at forming a national gov fail? (2)
-large states objected to equal representation in congress
-states in western land claims refused to cede them to the national government
what did the articles of confederation do not very well (4)?
they created a weak central government (power held by states), made every state have 1 vote in Congress, made no executive or court system, and gave Congress no power to tax (only ask)
what were 4 weaknesses of the articles of confederation?
Congress could not enact and collect taxes, Congress could not regulate interstate or foreign trade, each state only had one vote in Congress, 2/3 majority needed to pass any law, articles could by amended only if all states approved, no executive branch to enforce laws, no rational court system, 13 separate states lacking unity
