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Interpersonal Communication > Ch4 Listening and Life Contexts > Flashcards

Ch4 Listening and Life Contexts Flashcards

1
Q

hearing

A

involuntary, physiological process when sound waves hit eardrums and vibrations are processed by the brain

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2
Q

listening

A

voluntary, psychological process; process of receiving, attending to, and assigning meaning to aural and visual stimuli

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3
Q

HURIER model of listening

A

developed by Judi Brownell; represents a behavioral approach that suggests listening is a system of interrelated components that includes mental processes and observable behaviors (hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, responding)

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4
Q

HURIER Hearing

A

HURIER: we choose to pay attention only to sounds that interest us
we hear what we listen for

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5
Q

Hearing: attending

A

willingness to focus on and organize particular stimuli; we attend to a sound by concentrating on it

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6
Q

HURIER: understanding

A

HURIER: we absorb the meaning of a person’s statement or sound; we decode what is said using our reservoir of information; we refrain from judging the message until we are certain we can comprehend it; we might reply with questions; helped by rephrasing or paraphrasing

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7
Q

HURIER: remembering

A

HURIER: brain assigns meaning to spoken words; we may or may not commit information to memory based on what we decide is worth remembering; we remember personal and public events of significance

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8
Q

short-term memory

A

we store most of what we hear here, but info is forgotten unless we continually use and apply what we store

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9
Q

long-term memory

A

storage of info for use at a later date; connects new experiences to previous images and information

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10
Q

HURIER: interpreting

A

HURIER: we attempt to make sense of the message by considering it from the sender’s perspective;
-meaning you settle on determines how you respond

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11
Q

HURIER: evaluating

A

HURIER: we weigh the worth of and critically analyze what we have listened to

  • we separate facts from inferences, identify prejudices and faulty arguments
  • we can follow up with more questions
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12
Q

HURIER: responding

A

HURIER: we react and provide feedback

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13
Q

WAYS OF LISTENING: people-oriented listening style

A

listening style- you focus on emotions and interests of others; fosters relating to others in more meaningful ways

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14
Q

WAYS OF LISTENING: action-oriented listening style

A

listening style-you focus on clarity and preciseness; you prefer direct messages

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15
Q

WAYS OF LISTENING: content-oriented listening style

A

listening style - you focus on facts, details, and ambiguities; you like being intellectually challenged and having to work ideas through practice; comfortable listening to messages that spark debate

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16
Q

WAYS OF LISTENING: time-oriented listening style

A

listening style - you focus on efficiency and succinctness; you expect the speaker to get to the point

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17
Q

Type of listening: appreciative listening

A

for pleasure; often experienced with someone else

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18
Q

Type of listening: comprehensive listening

A
  • to gain knowledge; you listen with an open mind and suspend judgment
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19
Q

Type of listening: critical/deliberative listening

A

-analyze info. assess its worth, validitity, and soundness

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20
Q

Type of listening: empathetic listening

A

listening that involves understanding another is facing from their viewpoint, not yours
-important for building strong interpersonal relationships; facilitates problem solving; lends a different, clearer perspective to any situation
You activate 3 skills.

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21
Q

empathy listening does what to a relationship?

A

It is an enhancer.
When empathizing you activate 3 skills: Empathetic responsiveness
Perspective taking
and sympathetic responsiveness.

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22
Q

empathetic responsiveness skill

A

listener experiences an emotional response that corresponds to the other person’s emotions

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23
Q

perspective taking skill

A

listener adopts viewpoint of other person

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24
Q

sympathetic responsiveness skill

A

listener can feels for, rather than feels with, another because they don’t use perspective taking or empathetic responsiveness
but to take their perspective and feel with is being more empathetic.

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25
Q

unethical listeners

A

believe their own thoughts are more worthy of attention than yours

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26
Q

non-listening

A

a kind of deficient listening in which the receiver tunes out

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27
Q

red-flag word

A

interferes with our ability to listen because it triggers an emotional deafness that makes our listening efficiency drop to zero

28
Q

tuning out (behavior of poor listeners)

A

loss of focus and preoccupations make understanding less likely

29
Q

faking attention (behavior of poor listeners)

A

pseudolistening deceives speaker

30
Q

losing contact opportunities (behavior of poor listeners)

A

misjudging affects message relevance and relationships

31
Q

laziness (behavior of poor listeners)

A

lack of effort and refusal to work at listening make comprehension unlikely

32
Q

selfishness (behavior of poor listeners)

A

listener’s focus is on self, not other person

33
Q

being distracted by external factors (behavior of poor listeners)

A

oversensitivity to setting or context interferes with listening

34
Q

wasting time (behavior of poor listeners)

A

failure to use the thought-speech differential

35
Q

thought-speech differential is what? , do you waste potential listening time?

A

difference between the typical rate of speech (150-200wpm) and rate at which speech is comprehended (400-600wpm)

36
Q

apprehensiveness (behavior of poor listeners)

A

fear of the unfamiliar leads to defensiveness

37
Q

burnout (behavior of poor listeners)

A

inability to cope with information overload closes down

38
Q

feedback

A 
attempt to return to another person our reaction; 
is 
-constant, simultaneous
-consciously or unconsciously
-relationship dependent
39
Q

low-monitored feedback

A

feedback - sincere and spontaneous, sometimes unintentional

40
Q

high-monitored feedback

A

feedback - serves a specific purpose

41
Q

evaluative feedback

A

feedback -judgemental, reveals one’s true feelings or reactions to what one hears, providing a negative or positive assessment

42
Q

positive feedback

A

feedback - reinforces behavior

43
Q

negative feedback

A

feedback - reduces undesirable behavior by alerting us to discontinue current behavior

44
Q

non-evaluative feedback

A

feedback - find out about their feelings

  • refrain from revealing our judgements/opinions
  • we question, describe what we observe, and demonstrate our interest
45
Q

probing is part of and is what?

A

non-evaluative feedback technique in which one solicits additional information from another

46
Q

understanding is part of and is what?

A

non-evaluative feedback technique when we try to comprehend what the other person is telling us; we paraphrase

47
Q

supporting is part of and is what?

A

non-evaluative feedback technique when we indicate that we think the other person’s perspective is important

48
Q

I messages

A

non-evaluative feedback that reveals a speaker’s feelings about the situation faced by someone else;
-remove barriers between you and other person by not blaming the other person

49
Q

dialogic listening

A

listening that involves give-and-take between persons interacting as they create a relationship

50
Q

silence

A

absence of vocal communication

51
Q

Deborah Tannen and listening styles

A

said that men and women exhibit different listening styles and listen for different reasons; women listen to confirm the relationship and zoom in on a personal level

52
Q

What are the goals of listening?

A
  1. Appreciation
  2. Comprehensive
  3. Critical/deliberative
  4. Empathetic
53
Q

Losing control

A

emotions and lack of patience lead to ambushes, message distortions, and defensiveness.

54
Q

Person or Message focused feedback

A

focuses on either one

55
Q

What are the Feedback options?

A
  1. immediate or delayed
  2. person or message focused
  3. Low or High monitored
  4. Evaluative or non-evaluative: Positive or negative
  5. Non-evaluative feedback
56
Q

Effective listening helps to enhance our relationships by doing the following….

A
  1. decreasing stress
  2. increasing knowledge
  3. building trust
  4. improving analysis and decision making
  5. increasing confidence.
57
Q

____ feedback is more effective because our reaction can lose its impact over time

A

Immediate

58
Q

A description of how you feel about the behavior, a description of other’s behavior, and consequences constitute what sort of message?

A

I message

59
Q

___ provides you with information and insights that enable you to exercise better judgement.

A

careful listening

60
Q

When Carla tells Cassie the latest rumor about a class they both need to take next semester, Cassie weighs its worth and critically analyzes what she is told. In this case, Cassie is engaging in which activity?

A

evaluating, we weight its worth and critically analyze what we are told.

61
Q

The average college student spends what percentage of his time in an average day listening?

A

Over 50

62
Q

When you can listen to someone and understand the dilemma he or she is facing from his or her viewpoint - not your own- you are exhibiting ____ listening.

A

empathetic.

63
Q

___ listeners commonly relate what they are listening to their own views.

A

content oriented

64
Q

Tim tends to listen in a way in which he can focus on the emotions and interests of others. He takes his time and work to understand what others think and feel. Which type of listener is Tim?

A

people oriented

65
Q

___ involves our willingness to focus on and organize particular stimuli.

A

Attending

66
Q

___ is an involuntary process; ____ is a voluntary process.

A

Hearing; listening

Interpersonal Communication (8 decks)

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