Ch.4, 13,14 Assaults, DV, Child, Disabled, Elder Prot. Flashcards
For threatened battery under assault dangerous weapon, suspect must intend to:
Cause fear
A threatened battery occurs when the suspect thrusts, pushes, or discharges weapon within _________ of victim
Striking distance
For threatened battery under assault dangerous weapon, does the victim have to experience fear
No. Only necessary that suspect intends to cause fear
Dangerous use weapon must appear to be:
Dangerous
Possessing a deceptive weapon during any ch.265 crime against a person is considered being:
Armed
Dangerous weapon that by nature causes serious injury or death
Per se weapon (Latin “by itself”)
Right of arrest for assault dangerous weapon
Felony
Types of assault (2)
Attempted battery
Threatened battery
Is verbal threat sufficient for assault under threatened battery
Not by itself. Needs to be accompanied by some outward gesture
Threatened battery is ________ conduct causing fear
Menacing
Right of arrest for assault and A&B against person with restraining order
Felony (includes 209A, 208, 209, ,209C)
Right of arrest for assault and A&B during harassment
Arrest on PC (charge under 264/13A)
Normal items that become weapons when used in a dangerous fashion are called:
Dangerous use weapons
Suspect got in his truck, “threw it in drive” and lurched toward of officer. Officer drew his firearm and the suspect quickly stopped and drove away. What is the correct charge?
Assault Dangerous Weapon
Suspect drove up to vehicle containing four people. He fired one round into the victims car but did not hit anyone. What is the appropriate charge?
Assault Dangerous Weapon 4 counts
Suspect shot gun inside bar with bartender present. He did not hit anyone but damaged the bar. What is the appropriate charge
Assault Dangerous Weapon AND Malicious Destruction of Property. A single act can support simultaneous convictions
A&B occurs in what three ways
Intentional unconsented touching
Intentional harmful touching
Reckless act that caused injury
Assault with aggravating factor offenses (7)
Unarmed assault w/ intent to rob/steal
Assault w/attempt to murder or maim
Assault w/intent to commit any felony
Armed assault w/ intent to rob or murder
Armed assault in dwelling
Subsequent assault against intimate partner
ALL FELONIES
Right of arrest attempted indecent A&B
Felony
Right of arrest Assault with Hypodermic Syringe/Needle
Felony
A&B becomes aggravated offense when on child under ___
14 (felony)
Right of arrest A&B Gang Solicitation of child under 18
Felony and aggravated offense
What age of victim makes indecent A&B a felony
Any age. Aggravated offense
A&B on what type of victim makes it an aggravated offense (6)
Child under 14 with injury
Correctional officer
Disabled person
Intellectually disabled
Over 60
Pregnant
276/55 (accord & satisfaction) authorizes a judge to dismiss an A&B or other misdemeanor if the victim voluntarily signed written agreement and received adequate compensation. Which crimes are excluded from this rule?
A&Bs involving police officers, domestic violence or felonies
Victim feared immediate attack and was then injured trying to escape. What is the correct charge?
A&B
Delivering food with nonlethal substance which causes discomfort is what charge?
A&B
Selling or distributing candy or food with foreign substance intended or reasonably expected to injure a person has what right of arrest
Felony
Can people agree to fist fight?
No
When does reckless conduct occur?
Suspect realizes, or should realize, danger associated with his conduct but does it anyway
In misdemeanor A&B, reckless conduct must result in :
Physical injury
What degree of injury makes A&B a felony
Serious injury or any injury on child under 14
When does the law recognize limited defense to A&B for disciplinary privilege for children
Adult striking child is acting as parent and using “reasonable” force
Who is outlawed from using corporal punishment
Public educators/public school officials (unless acting in self defense)
The police ________ permits officers to use reasonable and necessary force in their duties
Privilege
When does ABDW become aggravated (4)
Adult commits A&B on child under 14
Causes serious bodily injury any age
Against pregnant person
Against person with restraining order at time of attack
Serious bodily injury is bodily injury that results in (3):
Permanent disfigurement
Loss or impairment of bodily function, limb or organ
Substantial risk of death
Is slight touching of victim with a weapon sufficient for ABDW
Yes, if the contact was intended as an assault
Suspect intentionally pushes barrel into another barrel which strikes the victim. What is the correct charge?
ABDW
Does ABDW require injury
Only if based on reckless conduct
Does suspect have to consciously use object as a weapon during ABDW
No
Are human hands, teeth or other body parts considered dangerous weapons?
No
When is a shoe considered a weapon?
When capable of causing greater injury than an unshod foot
Victim does not need to be named in complaint if they are unable to be located. Victims may be referred to as (3)
Person, pedestrian, bystander
Right of arrest A&B to collect a loan (legal or illegal)
Felony
2nd offense mandatory minimum 5yrs
Charge for DV intimate partner
265/13M
Charge for DV household member
265/13A
Right of arrest for A&B on public employee
Arrest for breach of peace in public. Otherwise, complaint
Right of arrest for A&B on public transit operator
Arrest on PC
Right of arrest for attempt to disarm police officer
Felony
Right of arrest for causing serious bodily injury to officer
Felony
Right of arrest for A&B on EMT
In presence, otherwise complaint
Right of arrest for A&B on health care provider
In presence, otherwise complaint
Mayhem is an assault in which the perpetrator has a cruel state of mind- the desire to ________ or ________
Maim or disfigure
Elements of Mayhem (3 types)
Specific acts (tongue, eye, ear, etc)
Dangerous substance or weapon
Privy to someone else’s intent
Regardless of the manner in which the crime of mayhem is committed, the suspect must possess a “specific intent” to (2):
Maim or disfigure
Does the crime of mayhem require a prolonged attack
No
Defendant was upset at victim for dancing with her boyfriend. She slashed victims face with a knife. The incident was over in seconds but resulted in 18 stitches and a scar. What is the appropriate charge?
Mayhem. Defendant intended to main victim because she was jealous of her boyfriend’s sexual attraction toward victim
Defendant held victim captive in hotel room for hours where he repeatedly slashed her with razor and burned his initials into her skin. What is the appropriate charge?
Mayhem
Defendant struck victim one time with beer bottle during bar fight, nearly severing the victims ear. What is the appropriate charge?
ABDW injury
Not sufficient for mayhem because couldn’t show intent to maim
Appropriate charge for defendant that bit off victim’s ear with enough force to tear off very piece of cartilage
Mayhem
Appropriate charge for defendant that through a chemical agent (household soap, cleaner or bleach) into child’s eyes
Mayhem
Appropriate charge for defendant that used bat to smack head of unconscious victim
Mayhem
Defendant rubbed handfuls of dirt into victims eyes. What is the appropriate charge
Mayhem
For the second type of mayhem (dangerous substance or weapon) the attack must (3):
Disfigure, cripple, inflict serious injury
Can you charge mayhem if the victim completely recovers?
Yes
What does privy mean
Suspect is aware of impending attack and agrees it should occur. Officers must prove that although suspect wasn’t present, he shared malicious intent of attackers
Hogan stayed in the car while his two co-defendants entered apartment with clubs and beat the victim. Can hogan be charged with mayhem if he did not know his co-defendants intended to disfigure the victim
No
Once a defendant introduces evidence that he acted in self defense, what is the standard the commonwealth must meet to show that he did not
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt
When is non-deadly force allowed during self defense (3)
Personal safety
Protect property
Eject trespasser
Reasonable concern over personal safety is proper standard, though other two are allowed
When is deadly force allowed during self defense
Person reasonably believes they’re in imminent danger of death or serious bodily injury
Overall factors to consider when assessing self defense claim (5)
Physical ability of combatants
Assailants prior use of force
Characteristic of any weapons used
Available means of escape
Legitimate belief of danger
In self defense claim, if defendant introduces evidence of prior bad acts by the victim to show he was the aggressor, what may the prosecutor do?
Introduce evidence of prior bad acts by the defendant for same purpose
Is boxing or martial arts history proof that someone is likely to be aggressive?
No
In the case of mutually agreed combat, the law does not allow claim of self defense unless:
Weapon or other type of force is unexpectedly introduced
When might the instigator of a fight be justified in using self defense claim?
When he makes known his intention to retire and withdraws in good faith
For battered women’s syndrome, women’s use of deadly force may be best understood by allowing evidence of (2)
History of relationship
Expert testimony on common patterns of abusive relationships
The right of self defense does not exist until a person has reasonably tried to:
Avoid combat
Defendant left a fight when victim introduced weapon. Defendant left and came back with a gun. Can defendant still claim self defense?
No
“Castle Law” is the only exception to what aspect of self defense
Duty to retreat
Does owner of a building have a duty to retreat before resorting to self defense?
Yes
Defendant ran outside with a baseball bat and fought assailants on his front porch. Is this justified under castle law
No. Intruder must be inside home
Defendant ran outside with a baseball bat and fought assailants on his front porch. Is this justified under castle law
No. Intruder must be inside home
If homeowner is confronted by a guest or visitor inside their own home, do they still have a duty to retreat
Yes