Ch34: Alterations of Pulmonary Fn in Children

Question 0

2. At birth, the infant has small, immature aveoli that cause _____ to air flow.

Answer 0

a. increased resistance

Question 1

1. During times of respiratory distress, the infant’s chest wall may flex inward & limit functional respiratory capacity b/c of chest wall a. _______ & b. _______.

Answer 1

a. flexibilty

b. compliance

Question 2

3. Surfactant production begins by _______ weeks of gestations.

Answer 2

a. 20 to 24 weeks

Question 3

4. Failure to produce surfactant at birth results in severe ______ & RDS of the newborn.

Answer 3

a. atelectasis

Question 4

5. _______ is a dz process primarily caused by hyper-responsive airways that are sensitive to certain environmental triggers.

Answer 4

a. Asthma

Question 5

6. Children have greater a. _______ & b. _______ than do adults.

Answer 5

a. metabolic rates

b. oxygen comsumption

Question 6

7. Epiglottis is characterized by:
   a. gradual onset
   b. severe stridor
   c. harsh cough
   d. nasal discharge

Answer 6

b. severe stridor

Question 7

8. Laryngotracheobronchitis is characterized by:
   a. drooling
   b. H. influenza infections
   c. group A streptococcal infections
   d. inflammation from vocal cords to bronchial lumina

Answer 7

d. inflammation from vocal cords to bronchial lumina

Question 8

9. The most common cause of bronchiolitis is:
   a. H. influenza
   b. exposure to allergens
   c. parainfluenza virus
   d. respiratory synctial virus

Answer 8

d. respiratory synctial virus

Question 9

10. Most children who aspirate foreign objects:
    a. exhibit quiescent intervals before symptoms appear
    b. remove the offending object by coughing
    c. lodged in the trachea exhibit wheezing
    d. lodged in airways exhibit stridor

Answer 9

a. exhibit quiescent intervals before symptoms appear

Question 10

11. Staphococcal pneumonia results in:
    a. mild systemic symptoms
    b. upper respiratory tract involvement
    c. lobar involvement
    d. a typical pna

Answer 10

c. lobar involvement

Question 11

12. Which is true of childhood pneumonias?
    a. All pneumonias are mostly lobar
    b. Systemic involvement is greater in viral than in bacterial pneumonias
    c. Viral pneumonias are often preceded by a “cold”
    d. All of the above are correct

Answer 11

c. Viral pneumonias are often preceded by a “cold”

Question 12

13. Which statement about SIDS is true?
    a. It commonly occurs during autumn
    b. Its etiology is known
    c. It occurs btw 3 & 4 months of age
    d. It may be effectively treated

Answer 12

c. It occurs btw 3 & 4 months of age

Question 13

14. Cystic fibrosis is:
    a. a multisystem dz
    b. a defect that results in the overproduction of viscous mucus
    c. a dz for which it is difficult to detect carriers through genetic testing
    d. diagnosed by sweat chloride testing
    e. a, b, & d are correct

Answer 13

e. a, b, & d are correct

Question 14

15. Athma
    a. triggers include allergens & viruses
    b. of affected individuals may be assumed to be cured if they are asymptomatic for a number of years
    c. is characterized by hyperresponsive airways
    d. both a & c are correct
    e. a, b, & c are correct

Answer 14

d. both a & c are correct

Question 15

16. Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn:
    a. exhibits vasodilation of the pulmonary vascular bed
    b. develops less capillary permeability, which causes fibrin deposits
    c. can be treated with nitric oxide to alleviate pulmonary htn
    d. can be treated at birth by the administration of glucocorticoids

Answer 15

c. can be treated with nitric oxide to alleviate pulmonary htn

Question 16

17. Chronic condition
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 16

a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Question 17

18. Genetic predisposition:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 17

a. asthma

b. cystic fibrosis

Question 18

19. May result in persistent fetal circulation:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 18

f. respiratory distress syndrome

Question 19

20. May be a consequence of prematurity
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 19

d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia

f. respiratory distress syndrome

Question 20

21. Acute, life-threatening infection:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 20

e. epiglottises

Question 21

22. Parainfluenza virus:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 21

c. laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 22

23. Neonatal chronic lung dz:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 22

d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Question 23

24. Occurs epidemically in fall & winter:
    a. asthma
    b. cystic fibrosis
    c. laryngotracheobronchitis
    d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    e. epiglottises
    f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 23

c. laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 24

25. Inflammatory basis w/ hyperresponsive airways: a. asthma b. cystic fibrosis c. laryngotracheobronchitis d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia e. epiglottises f. respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 24

a. asthma