Ch21: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Question 0

1. Which of the following lab values would be expected in a individual with SIADH?
   a. Serum Na=150mEq/L & urine hypoosmolality
   b. Serum K=5mEq/L & serum hypoosmolality
   c. Serum Na=120mEq/L & serum hypoosmolality
   d. Serum K=3mEq/L & serum hyperosmolality

Answer 0

c. Serum Na=120mEq/L & serum hypoosmolality

Question 1

2. Hypopituitarism in an adult male likely includes:
   a. decreased libido
   b. connective tissue increases
   c. visual field impairments
   d. altered neuromuscular function

Answer 1

a. decreased libido

Question 2

3. Excessive secretion of GH in an adult may cause:
   a. DM2
   b. DM insipidus
   c. hypoglycemia
   d. decreased metabolic rate

Answer 2

a. DM2

Question 3

4. A characteristic shared by both DM & diabetes insipidus is:
   a. elevated blood & urine glucose levels
   b. the inability to produce ADH
   c. the inability to produce insulin
   d. polyuria
   e. elevate blood urine & ketone body levels

Answer 3

d. polyuria

Question 4

5. The manifestations of hyperthyroidism include all of the following EXCEPT:
   a. diarrhea
   b. constipation
   c. heat intolerance
   d. wt loss
   e. wakefullness

Answer 4

b. constipation

Question 5

6. Hypothyroidism in adults is:
   a. myxedema
   b. Addison dz
   c. Cushing dz
   d. Graves Dz
   e. cretinism

Answer 5

a. myxedema

Question 6

7. Graves dz is
   a. hyperthyroidism
   b. associated with autoimmunity
   c. manifested by ophthalmopathy
   d. All of above are correct

Answer 6

d. All of above are correct

Question 7

8. Inadequate levels of thyroid hormones at birth may cause
   a. mental retardation
   b. immediate death
   c. thyroid crisis
   d. myxedema
   e. dwarfism

Answer 7

a. mental retardation
and
e. dwarfism

Question 8

9. Hyperparathyroidism causes which of the following?
   a. increased osteoclastic activity
   b. decreased plasma Ca
   c. increased phosphorous absorption from GI tract
   d. hypocalcemia

Answer 8

a. increased osteoclastic activity

Question 9

10. Manifestations of hypocalcemia include:
    a. myopathy
    b. lethargy
    c. htn
    d. tetany
    e. bone cyst

Answer 9

d. tetany

Question 10

11. What is MOST common cause of acronmegaly?
    a. Anterior pituitary adenoma
    b. Overproduction of ACTH
    c. Overproduction of TSH
    d. Pituitary atrophy

Answer 10

a. Anterior pituitary adenoma

Question 11

12. If a 19yo woman had sob, wt loss, excessive sweating, exophthalmos, & irritability, which hormone would you EXPECT to find elevated in her serum?
    a. Cortisol
    b. Thyroxine
    c. ACTH
    d. 17-Ketosteroid

Answer 11

b. Thyroxine

Question 12

13. A 24yo woman with Hx of taking sulfonylurea agents is found in a stuporous state. She is pale & has cold, clammy skin. What is the likely etiology of her condition?
    a. Hyperglycemia
    b. Insulin shock/hypoglycemia
    c. renal failure
    d. peripheral neuropathy

Answer 12

b. Insulin shock/hypoglycemia

Question 13

14. A 10yo boy came into the ER dehydrated with metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, elevated ketones, & a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL. The MOST probable dz in this child is:
    a. cretinism
    b. DM1
    c. DM2
    d. impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
    e. gestational DM (GDM)

Answer 13

b. DM1

Question 14

15. Your neighbor has not previously been DM but has gained 80lbs during the past year & is able to produce some insulin. Her fasting blood sugar is always elevated. She being treated with oral insulin-stimulating drugs. This is LIKELY:
    a. diabetes insipidous
    b. DM1
    c. DM2
    d. IGT
    e. GDM

Answer 14

c. DM2

Question 15

16. Panhypopituitarism in children causes:
    a. excessive ACTH secretion
    b. increased libido
    c. dwarfism
    d. giantism

Answer 15

c. dwarfism

Question 16

17. Hormonal alterations can be caused by:
    a. inadequate synthesis of cAMP
    b. increased numbers of intracellular receptors for lipid-soluble hormones
    c. increased substrates for new proteins
    d. presence of antibodies for new proteins

Answer 16

a. inadequate synthesis of cAMP
and
d. presence of antibodies for new proteins

Question 17

18. CKD causes
    a. dehydration
    b. hypercalcemia
    c. 2ndary hyperparathyroidism
    d. primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 17

c. 2ndary hyperparathyroidism

Question 18

19. The end result of hyperthyroidism is
    a. the production of a goiter
    b. Graves dz
    c. overstimulation of the basal metabolic rate
    d. depression of metabolism

Answer 18

c. overstimulation of the basal metabolic rate

Question 19

20. If an individual is heterogeneous for HLA-DR3 & HLA-DR4, the risk is far greater for:
    a. excess insulin
    b. DM1
    c. DM2
    d. all of the above, plus diabetes insipidus

Answer 19

b. DM1

Question 20

21. Intragenic hyperadrenalism leads to primary adrenal insufficiency if Tx is stopped suddenly because of:
    a. destruction of adrenal cortex by steroid tx
    b. destruction of the adrenal medulla by steroid tx
    c. pituitary gland atrophy
    d. adrenal gland atrophy

Answer 20

d. adrenal gland atrophy

Question 21

22. Which electrolyte change occurs in Addison dz?
    a. Hypokalemia
    b. Hypernatremia
    c. Hyperkalemia
    d. Hypocalcemia

Answer 21

c. Hyperkalemia

Question 22

23. A benign tumor of the adrenal glands that causes the hyper secretion of aldosterone is:
    a. Addison dz
    b. phenochromocytoma
    c. Cushing dz
    d. Cushing syndrome
    e. Conn Dz

Answer 22

e. Conn Dz

Question 23

24. Hypersecretion of aldosterone
    a. decreased cardiac output
    b. hyperglycemia &/ osteoporosis
    c. basal metabolic rate increases
    d. hypernatremia
    e. hyponatremia

Answer 23

d. hypernatremia

Question 24

24. Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids a. decreased cardiac output b. hyperglycemia &/ osteoporosis c. basal metabolic rate increases d. hypernatremia e. hyponatremia

Answer 24

b. hyperglycemia &/ osteoporosis