Ch.31 Soil and Plant Nutrition

Question 1

essential elements

Answer 1

17

Question 2

macros

Answer 2

9 are essential

plants require them in large amounts

Question 3

cellulose

Answer 3

cant break down
fiber
retains water

Question 4

micronutrients

Answer 4

8

Question 5

inorganic components

Answer 5

soil includes positively charged ions (cations) and neg charged (anions)
most soil is neg

Question 6

cations adhere to neg to

Answer 6

prevent leeching

Question 7

organic compounds

Answer 7

of the soil include decomposed leaves, feces, dead organisms and other organic matter, collectively named humus

Question 8

soil bacteria

Answer 8

exchange chemicals with plant roots, enhance decomposition and increase nutrient availability

Question 9

bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 9

nitrogen cycle transforms atmospheric nitrogen and nitrogen containing compounds

Question 10

plants can only absorb nitrogen as either nitrate or ammonium

Answer 10

nitrogen fixing rhizomes (rhizobia)

Question 11

specialized hyphae in mycorrhizal fungi

Answer 11

some fungi have specialized hyphae called haustoria that allow them to extract or exchange nutrients with plant hosts

Question 12

mycorrhizae

Answer 12

symbiotic associations between fungi and land plants that may have helped plants without roots to obtain nutrients