Ch. 30 Plant Structure and Growth Flashcards
monocots vs eudicots
leaf venation: veins parallel vs. netlike
stems: vascular tissue scattered vs. arranged in rings
roots: fiberous vs. taproot
pollen: one opening vs. 3
flowers: multiples of 3 vs. multiples of 4 or 5 (petals)
each plant organ has
dermal (outside), vascular ( xylem/phloem) and ground tissues
in woody plants, protective tissues called
periderm replace epidermis in older regions of stems and roots
leaves and most stems have waxy coating
called the cuticle that helps prevent water loss from the epidermis
tissues that are neither dermal or vascular are
ground tissue systems
stem
alternating system of nodes, points where leaves are attached
internodes
stem segments between nodes
apical bud
located near the shoot tip and causes elongation of a young shoot
axillary bud
located at the upper angle formed by leaf and stem and has potential
meristems generate new cells for growth and control the developmental phases and life spans of plants
are undifferentiated tissue
two types of meristems
primary and secondary growth
apical meristems
longer/taller
located at tips of roots and shoots and at the axillary buds of shoots
lateral meristems
add thickness to woody plants, secondary growth
vascular cambium and cork cambium
vascular cambium
adds layers of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem
cork cambium
replaces epidermis with periderm which is thicker and tougher