Ch. 43 Animal Reproduction

Question 1

sexual reproduction

Answer 1

the creation of an offspring by fusion of a male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg) to form a zygote
genetic recombination

Question 2

fertilization

Answer 2

union of sperm and eggs

Question 3

internal fertilization

Answer 3

typically associated with production of flower gametes but the survival of a higher fraction of zygotes

Question 4

gonads

Answer 4

organs that produce gametes

Question 5

testes

Answer 5

the male gonads, or testes, produce sperm in highly coiled tubes called seminiferous tubules

Question 6

ducts

Answer 6

from the seminiferous tubules of a testis, sperm pass into the coiled duct of the epididymus

Question 7

during ejaculation

Answer 7

sperm are propelled through the mucular vas deferens and the ejaculatory duct and then exit through the urethra

Question 8

semen

Answer 8

sperm and secretion from seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland
2 seminal 70%
prostate 25%
bulbo- pre cum that cleans urethra

Question 9

gametogenesis

Answer 9

production of gametes

Question 10

spermatogenesis

Answer 10

development of sperm is continuous and prolific

Question 11

oogenesis

Answer 11

development of a mature egg, is a prolonged process

immature eggs from the female embryo but do not complete their development until years or decades later

Question 12

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Answer 12

secreted by the hypothalamus and directs the release of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (lutenizing hormone) from the interior pituitary

Question 13

FSH and LH

Answer 13

regulate processes in the gonads and the production of sex hormones

Question 14

menopause

Answer 14

after about 500 cycles there is cessation of ovulation

Question 15

fertilization stage

Answer 15

zygote formed

Question 16

cleavage stage

Answer 16

series of mitosis divide the zygote into a many called embryo

Question 17

resulting blastula

Answer 17

undergoes rearrangements into a 3 layered embryo called a gastrula

Question 18

cleavage partitions

Answer 18

the cytoplasm of one large cell into many smaller cells

Question 19

blastula

Answer 19

ball of cells with a fluid filled cavity called a blastocoel

Question 20

gastrulation

Answer 20

set of cells at or near the surface of the blastula moves to an interior location, cell layers are established and a primitive digestive tube forms

Question 21

hollow blastula

Answer 21

reorganized into a two or three layered embryo called a gastrula