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History > Ch3 Militarist Japan > Flashcards

Ch3 Militarist Japan Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the Meiji Period end?

A

1912

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2
Q

Which emperor came after Emperor Meiji? What era did he initiate? How long did it last?

A

Emperor Taisho

Taisho Era

1912

Came at end of Meiji Period

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3
Q

political challenges during Taisho era

A
  • emperor sick (cannot authority), advisors (Genro) left politics (age)
  • military resent politicians cut budget
  • Seiyukai vs Minseito political rivals -> Diet
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4
Q

what did e__ s__, a__ l__ p__ lead to? (political challenges, Taisho Era)

A

emperor sick, advisors left politics
- no strong political figure, unify government
- military act on their own

  • emperor sick (cannot authority), advisors (Genro) left politics (age)
  • military resent politicians cut budget
  • Seiyukai vs Minseito political rivals -> Diet
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5
Q

what did m__ h__ p__ c__ b__ lead to? (political challenges, Taisho Era)

A

military h8 politician cut budget
- military oppose internationalist policies diplomacy, trade -> civilian govt.

worsened beef btwn military <-> civil politicians
- refused supply ministers represent army, navy -> Diet cannot form

  • emperor sick (cannot authority), advisors (Genro) left politics (age)
  • military resent politicians cut budget
  • Seiyukai vs Minseito political rivals -> Diet
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6
Q

what did S__ vs M___ p__ r___ -> D__ lead to? (political challenges, Taisho Era)

A

Seiyukai vs Minseito Political Rivals
- power, influence fight
- PM cannot gain majority support, pass laws

  • emperor sick (cannot authority), advisors (Genro) left politics (age)
  • military resent politicians cut budget
  • Seiyukai vs Minseito political rivals -> Diet
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7
Q

shortcomings of Japan’s constitutional monarchy system

A

appt. PM, not always most successful political party leader
- difficult, PM gain majority

Genro, Privy Council, more power than PM
- overturn decisions made -> PM
- forced some PM resign

Privy Council, Genro only answerable to Emperor

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8
Q

Economic challenges in Taisho Japan

A
  • WW1 end -> internationally less demand (Japanese Goods)
  • 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake
  • countryside insufficient land, technology
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9
Q

What did WW1 e__ -> i__ l__ d__ (J__ G___) cause?

A

WW1 end -> internationally less demand (Japanese Goods)
- severe inflation (European countries comeback from war, competition increase)
- large companies dismiss thousands, high unemployment
- resentment

  • WW1 end -> internationally less demand (Japanese Goods)
  • 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake
  • countryside insufficient land, technology
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10
Q

What did 1923 G__ k__ E__ cause?

A

1923 Great Kanto Earthquake
- loss of lives
- economic hardships

  • WW1 end -> internationally less demand (Japanese Goods)
  • 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake
  • countryside insufficient land, technology
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11
Q

What did c__ i__ l__, t__ cause?

A

countryside insufficient land, technology. countryside…
- no cheap, better goods, services
- not enf land farm (population growth)
- no tech, boost productivity, farmers
- tenant farmers, pay landlord, no moneh

  • WW1 end -> internationally less demand (Japanese Goods)
  • 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake
  • countryside insufficient land, technology
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12
Q

social changes in Taisho Japan

A
  • rural-urban divide
  • changing role, women
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13
Q

link to economic problem: c__ i__ l__, t__

how did r__, u__ d__ in Taisho Japan -> unhappiness

A

rural, urban divide
- govt. support wealthy Zaibatsu
- rich business richer
- margin, poor, rich widen
- richest landlords, luxury -> collect moneh, tenant farmers
- poor unhappy -> uprising (sudden increase price commodities)

Zaibatsu -> big strong business, single family

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14
Q

how did c___ r__ w___ in Taisho Japan -> unhappiness?

A

changing role, women
- women work factories, active, politics instead, traditional roles in family
- traditionalist groups -> Japan losing identity

1920s
- greater independance, hard conditions, good wage

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15
Q

great depression 1929

what happened to japan banks 1920-1927s ONLY

link i__ l__ d__ (J__ G___)

A
  • Japan many small bank
  • borrowers, mostly, industries
  • after WW1 industry, doing bad, loan, close down, banks difficult collect loan
  • PANIk! banK CRASH! Withdraw all ur monehhh
  • > 20 bank byebye
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16
Q

what did govt. do to allieviate the 1927s banking crisis

A

policies

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17
Q

impact of great dep. on farmer (JAPANNNNN)

A
  • export less
  • lower demand farmer produce
  • 43% fall income

3 2 1 fight
- landowner refuse decrease rent!
- farmer stand their ground!
- landowner evict farmer!
- farmer organise unions, protest! farmer take landowners court!

18
Q

impact of great dep. on businessmen (JAPANNNN)

A
  • struggle get business
  • 2x more small business close

3 2 1 fight
- business owner join protest!
- business owner form Imperial Middle Class Federated Alliance!
- business owner accuse govt. traitor, look after big business!

19
Q

how did great dep lead to u____, v__ p__? (JAPANNNN)

A

unemployment, violent protest
- 20% lose job
- 2 week pay if they dismissed

20
Q

how did great dep lead to f__ o__ c__? (JAPANNN)

A

fear of communism
- unemployment, workers, attracted -> communists agitators, VIVA LA REVOLUTION!!!
- govt. fear shared border + close2 Japan USSR

21
Q

did Japan Communist Party work?

A

no
- damn small

22
Q

how did great depression lead to D___ i__ g__ (JAPANNNNN)

A

distrust in government
- Zaibutsu kahoots, govt?
- govt only benefit elite?

23
Q

how did military influence rise in Japan?

A
  • civilian govt. kahoot elites?
  • london naval conference
  • Manchuria

1929s

24
Q

how did c__ g__ k__ e___? lead to military unhappy JAPAN

A

civilian govt. kahoot elites?
- officers, low-middle class, affected
- sus govt. corrupt, self-seeking
- cut military budget ANGRY!!

  • civilian govt. kahoot elites?
  • london naval conference
  • Manchuria
25
Q

how did l__ n__ c__ -> military, ppl unhappy? when was it? JAPAN

A

1930 London Naval Conference
- limit no. warship
- initial agreement, 5:5:3
- civilian leader, disappointment, back down, sign

  • 2nd time, Japan demand more, rej.
  • reluctant sign, country not ready confront Western power
  • press, navy -> Betrayal!!!!!
  • ppl trust civ less

  • civilian govt. kahoot elites?
  • london naval conference
  • Manchuria
26
Q

how did m___ -> military unhappy JAPAN

A

Manchuria
- Kwantung Army, protect Japan assets, Manchuria
- Zhang Zuolin Manchuria Warlord unable defend Japan interests
- Manchuria, vital resources -> solve problem
- how could you screw this up! our ppl are damn starving

  • civilian govt. kahoot elites?
  • london naval conference
  • Manchuria
27
Q

what did kwantung army do to Zhang Zuolin? How did civ govt. react

A
  • assasinate, replace new leader
  • blame, ongoing rivalries, chinese Warlords
  • try force civ. govt. -> let em’ take Manchuria

reaction
- emperor demand PM discipline
- PM show weakness, cant force military commander discipline military

emperor: “pm go discipline em’”
pm: “army can u discipline urself”
army: “no”

28
Q

how did m__ i___ happen? what did it lead to? (JAPANNN)

A

mukden incident 1931
- Ishiwara Kanji, convince war Japan US cannot avoid
- want Japan take control Manchuria (rescources, large fertile land)
- Kwantung Army boomboom Mukden railway tracks
- rename Manchuria -> Manchuko, Japanese Colony

29
Q

Ishiwara Kanji and top general’s biggest wish

A

Japan work, each other, not Zaibatsu

30
Q

reactions to M___ i____ JAPANNN

A

Mukden Incident 1931
- Kwantung blame, chinese govt., excuse Manchuria take
- Military support
- Civilian officials weak, cannot control
- Japanese public, media celebrate

31
Q

y growing opposition to civ. govt. after Mukden Incident? 1931

A
  • Assasinations
  • May 15 Incident, 1932
32
Q

What did A____ show about the government (aft 1931) (JAPANN)

A

Assasinations
- ultranationalistic, anti-democrat sentiments
- against Zaibatsu
- right wing fanatic –> Hamaguchi (PM)
- League of Blood -> former Finance Minister
- League of Blood -> Mitsui Corporation head (Zaibatsu)
- intimidated

33
Q

What happened during May ___ Incident, ___ (after 1931) (JAPANN)

A

May 15 Incident, 1932
- League of Blood -> PM Inukai (refuse give official govt. acceptance, Manchuko)
- Attacked Mitsubishi Bank, Seiyukai HQ, power station (forced overthrow)
- ppl didnt support them, League of Blood, arrest -> trial

34
Q

Reactions of Military Commanders -> the May ___ Incident, ____ (JAPANNN)

A

May 15 Incident, 1932
- no condemn activists
- excused LoB officers, actions
- demand political reforms

League of Blood

35
Q

Aftermath, May __ Incident, ___

A

May 15 Incident, 1932
- Majority Seiyukai, prevent form new Cabinet (by military leaders)
- Emperor appoint navy senior commander, PM
- Majority cabinet, military officers
- Japan under MIlitarist rule

36
Q

How did Military Power in Japan Consolidate?

A
  • 1934 Military Influence Increase
  • Control Faction
  • Loss, political power, civilian politicians
37
Q

1934 Increased Military Influence

A
  • military officers -> positions reserved, civil politcians
  • supervision, Manchuria -> Military
  • increase support, Japanese ppl
  • Manchuria = military success = pride
  • Military intervene politics, esp:
  • civilian govt., divided, party differences
38
Q

What happened to Imperial Way, Control Factions?

A
  • 2 military factions, feud
  • February 26 Incident 1936
  • Imperial Way Faction -> coup -> assasinate key govt. features -> Showa Restoration
  • failed, 19 leading figures killed
  • Imperial Way -> lose influence, Control -> seize control, reunite, rediscipline military
  • appoint active general, Minister for War (supposed, nonmilitary person)
39
Q

Loss, political power, civilian factions (1937-41)

A
  • 1937 Konoe appt. PM
  • military lead invasion -> China, form Cabinet Planning Office
  • finances, civilian govt. -> military
  • 1941 Control Faction Leader Tojo Hideki appt. PM

btw 1937 Konoe was a hitler liking guy, he liked idea of facisim

40
Q

main economic changes under militarist rule

A
  • industrialisation
  • control industries
  • control labour unions
  • improve conditions -> countryside
41
Q
A

History (8 decks)

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