Ch.3 Caiou Dowds

Question 1

Confederation

Answer 1

Type of government in which the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states

Question 2

Iroquois Confederacy

Answer 2

A political alliance of American Indian tribes established in the 17th century that featured aspects of the federal system of gov. adapted by the framers

Question 3

Monarchy

Answer 3

A form of gov. in which power is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern the entire society

Question 4

totalitarianism

Answer 4

A form of gov. in which power resides in leaders who rule by force in their own self-interest and without regard to rights and liberties

Question 5

Oligarchy

Answer 5

A form of gov. in which the right to participate depends on the possession wealth, social status, military position, or achievement

Question 6

Democracy

Answer 6

A system of gov. that gives power to the people, whether directly or through, elected representatives

Question 7

Federal system

Answer 7

System of gov in which the national gov. and state gov. share power and derive all authority

Question 8

Unitary system

Answer 8

System of gov. in which the local and regional gov. derive all authority from a strong national gov.

Question 9

Enumerated Powers

Answer 9

The powers of the national gov. specifically granted to congress in Article I, section 8 of the constitution

Question 10

Implied powers

Answer 10

The powers of the national gov. derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause

Question 11

10th amendment

Answer 11

The final part of the bill of rights that defines the basic principle of american federalism in stating that the powers not delegated to the national gov. are reserved to the states or to the people.

Question 12

Reserved powers

Answer 12

Powers reserved to the states by the 10th amendment that lie at the foundation of a states right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens.

Question 13

Full faith and credit clause

Answer 13

Article IV, Section 1 of the United States Constitution, known as the “Full Faith and Credit Clause”, addresses the duties that states within the United States have to respect the “public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.”

Question 14

privileges and immunities clause

Answer 14

The Privileges and Immunities Clause prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner. Additionally, a right of interstate travel may plausibly be inferred from the clause

Question 15

Extradition clause

Answer 15

The Extradition Clause or Interstate Rendition Clause of the United States Constitution is Article IV, Section 2, Clause 2, which provides for the extradition of a criminal back to the state where he or she has committed a crime.

Question 16

Interstate compacts

Answer 16

Contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally now used as a tool to address multistate policy concerns.

Question 17

Dillon’s rule

Answer 17

a municipal government has authority to act only when : (1) the power is granted in the express words of the statute, private act, or charter creating the municipal corporation; (2) the power is necessarily or fairly implied in, or incident to the powers expressly granted; or.

Question 18

Charter

Answer 18

Charter Communications, Inc. is an American telecommunications company that offers its services to consumers and businesses under the branding of Spectrum.

Question 19

Counties

Answer 19

The basic administrative units of local gov.

Question 20

municipalities

Answer 20

a city or town that has corporate status and local government.

Question 21

Special district

Answer 21

A local Gov. that is restricted to a particular function

Question 22

John Marshall

Answer 22

John James Marshall was an American politician who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. Marshall remains the longest-serving chief justice in Supreme Court history, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential justices to ever sit on the Supreme Court.

Question 23

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 23

McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316, was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. The state of Maryland had attempted to impede operation of a branch of the Second Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland.

Question 24

Gibbons v. Ogden.

Answer 24

Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. 1, was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

Question 25

Barron v. Baltimore

Answer 25

Barron v. Baltimore, 32 U.S. 243, is a landmark United States Supreme Court case in 1833, which helped define the concept of federalism in US constitutional law. The Court established a precedent that the Bill of Rights did not apply to the state governments.

Question 26

Roger B. Taney

Answer 26

Roger Brooke Taney was the fifth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, holding that office from 1836 until his death in 1864.

Question 27

Dual Federalism

Answer 27

Dual federalism, also known as layer-cake federalism or divided sovereignty, is a political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the federal government.

Question 28

Nullification

Answer 28

The belief in the right of a state to declare void a federal law.

Question 29

John C. Calhoun

Answer 29

John Caldwell Calhoun was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina, and the seventh Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832.

Question 30

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Answer 30

Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American citizens and could not sue in federal court. The Court also ruled that Congress lacked power to ban slavery in the U.S. territories.

Question 31

Civil war

Answer 31

The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history

Question 32

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 32

American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through the American Civil War—its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis.

Question 33

Secession

Answer 33

The withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. Wikipedia

Question 34

Confederate States of America

Answer 34

he Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the Confederacy and the South, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.

Question 35

Reconstruction

Answer 35

The Reconstruction era was the period from 1863 to 1877 in American history. The term has two applications: the first applies to the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877

Question 36

Andrew Johnson

Answer 36

Andrew Johnson was the 17th President of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. Johnson assumed the presidency as he was Vice President of the United States at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

Question 37

16th amendment

Answer 37

The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census.

Question 38

17th amendment

Answer 38

The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states. The amendment supersedes Article I, §3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, under which senators were elected by state legislatures.

Question 39

Calvin Coolidge

Answer 39

An American politician and the 30th President of the United States. A Republican lawyer from New England, born in Vermont, Coolidge worked his way up the ladder of Massachusetts state politics, eventually becoming governor

Question 40

Herbert Hoover

Answer 40

Herbert Clark Hoover was an American engineer, businessman and politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression.

Question 41

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Answer 41

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

Question 42

New deal

Answer 42

The New Deal was a series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression by President Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed to restore prosperity to Americans. When Roosevelt took office in 1933, he acted swiftly to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering.

Question 43

Cooperative federalism

Answer 43

Cooperative federalism, also known as marble-cake federalism, is a concept of federalism in which national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems

Question 44

Progressive federalism

Answer 44

most recent form of federalism; allows states to have greater control over certain powers usually reserved for the national government

Question 45

Barack Obama

Answer 45

Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American to be elected to the presidency and previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois.

Question 46

Categorical Grants

Answer 46

Categorical grants, also called conditional grants, are grants issued by the United States Congress which may be spent only for narrowly defined purposes.

Question 47

Lyndon B. Johnson

Answer 47

Lyndon B. Johnson, often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969. Formerly the 37th Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963, he became president after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy

Question 48

Great Society

Answer 48

The Great Society was a set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964–65. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice.

Question 49

Ronald Reagan

Answer 49

Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. Prior to the presidency, he was a Hollywood actor and trade union leader before serving as the 33rd Governor of California from 1967 to 1975.

Question 50

New Federalism

Answer 50

New Federalism is a political philosophy of devolution, or the transfer of certain powers from the United States federal government back to the states.

Question 51

Block Grant

Answer 51

In a fiscal federal form of government, a block grant is a large sum of money granted by the national government to a regional government with only general provisions as to the way it is to be spent, in contrast to a categorical grant, which has stricter and specific provisions on the way it is to be spent

Question 52

Programmatic Requests

Answer 52

A programmatic request, sometimes referred to as a Member request, is guidance solicited by the House and Senate appropriations subcommittees from Members of Congress. Programmatic requests function in lieu of earmark requests ever since the outright ban on earmarks in 2011.

Question 53

Ex post Facto Law

Answer 53

An ex post facto law is a law that retroactively changes the legal consequences of actions that were committed, or relationships that existed, before the enactment of the law

Question 54

Concurrent Powers

Answer 54

Concurrent powers are powers that are shared by both the State and the federal government. These powers may be exercised simultaneously within the same territory and in relation to the same body of citizens. These concurrent powers including regulating elections, taxing, borrowing money and establishing courts.

Question 55

Bill of Attainder

Answer 55

bill of attainder is an act of a legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of some crime and punishing them, often without a trial.