Ch3 Flashcards
What is articulatory phonetics?
Basically, how speech sounds are produced. It includes knowledge of the anatomy of the speech mechanism and phonetic transcription
What is phonetics?
The study of the physical and acoustic properties of speech
What are distinctive features defined as?
A set of binary features that are used to describe the phonemes for all languages (a feature is either present or absent)
To produce speech, the articulators do what?
The moveable/active articulators move toward an immoveable/passive articulator
What are the moveable articulators?
Lips, tongue, mandible, velum
What do the intrinsic tongue muscles do?
They change the shape needed to produce specific sounds
- Superior longitudinal
- Inferior longitudinal
- Transverse muscles
- Vertical muscles
What do extrinsic tongue muscles do?
They are responsible for position movements of the tongue (shortening, lengthening, elevating, pulling down, curling up, bunching back, and flattening)
- Genioglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Palatoglossus
- Styloglossus
What are the characteristics of the mandible?
- Adjustments increase or decrease the size of the oral cavity
- Forms the floor of the oral cavity
- Supports the lingual and labial muscles
- Facilitates the production of speech sounds and changes in resonance
What are the immovable articulators?
Hard palate, alveolar ridge, teeth
What are the functions of the hard palate?
- Separates the oral and nasal cavities
- Forms the roof of the mouth (composed of the maxilla and palatine bones)
What are the functions of the alveolar ridge?
- The section of the maxilla that houses the cuspids, bicuspids, and upper molars
- Serves as the place of articulation for many consonant sounds
What does IPA stand for?
International phonetic alphabet
What is broad transcription?
Broad transcription records the phonemes of a language (phonemic transcription)
What is narrow transcription?
Narrow transcription is used to record as much production detail as possible to describe a child’s speech (phonetic transcription)
- It provides an extended set of notation symbols that allow for differentiation among allophones and the phonemes of a language
What are diacritic markers?
They are markers used to indicate the production features or quality changes commonly observed in disordered speech
