Ch2 Flashcards
What is communication?
The process through which we share information by sending and receiving messages
What is speech?
The verbal, oral, or spoken means of communication or expression
What is language?
The complex, rule-based system of conventional symbols that are universally accepted
What is phonology?
The study of the sound system of a language, including the rules for combining sounds into words
What is phonetics?
The study of how speech sounds are produced and formed, and their acoustic properties
What are phonemes?
Vowels and consonants (sounds)
What are phonotactic rules?
The rules governing which phonemes can be combined, and in which order, as well as the word position in which they occur
What is morphology?
The study of the structure of words and the rules for combining word parts to create complete words
What is a morpheme?
The smallest unit of language that carries meaning
What are free morphemes vs. bound morphemes?
Free morphemes carry meaning by themselves, and bound morphemes only have meaning when they’re bound to a free morpheme
What are roots and affixes?
Roots are words that cannot be divided into any smaller pieces, and affixes are morphemes that are combined with roots to create new meaning
What is an allomorph?
A variation of a morpheme that does not alter the meaning of the original morpheme
What is semantics?
The component of language that includes the meanings of words (lexicon) and utterances, and the study of words and word meaning
What is syntax?
The component of language that reflects the form of a language, refers to the rules for how words are sequenced in phrases and sentences to convey the intended message
What is pragmatics?
The study of language and how language is used in a wide range of communicative and social contexts
What is articulation?
Simply: speech production
Clinically: the motor aspect of planning and executing the sequences of movements that result in the production of speech
Speech sounds vs. phonemes
Speech sounds are related to motor and articulatory skills, and phonemes are related to understanding the phonological system and linguistic rules of our language
What is an articulation disorder?
An impairment or difficulty with motor planning and execution for the production of speech sounds
What is a phonological disorder?
Deficits in the use of the sound system of a language and the rules for combining the phonemes of a language
