Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Micro > Ch3 > Flashcards

Ch3 Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between prokaryote and Eukaryote

A

DNA is packaged differently
Cell walls re different
internal structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All bacteria cells have

A

cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosome
cytoskeleton
chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most bacteria cell poses

A

cell wall
surface coating called glycocalyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

some but not all prokaryote poses

A

flagella, pili, fimbriae, outer membrane, plasmids, inclusions, endospores, intracellular membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A

Cell membrane- thin sheet of lipid, control flow of materials
chromosome/nucleoid- DNA molecules
ribosome - tiny protein particles
Actin - long fibers inside cell membrane, structure and shape of cell
cytoplasm- water-based solution filing entire cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name the three structure

A

Fimbriae- fine hair like bristle
Outer membrane- extra membrane
Cell wall - semirigid casing for structural support and shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A

Pilus - how tube transfer DNA
Capsule - coating layer, protects, adhesive, and receptor functions
Granule - stores fat, phosphate, or glycogen
Plasmid- double stranded DNA circle containing extra genes
Flagella - attached to cell body, long rotating filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pleomorphism

A

cells of one species may vary in shape and size/shapeshifter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lophotrichous

A

bunches of falgella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Monotrichus

A

Single flagellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Amphitrichous

A

flagella at both poles of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peritrichouse

A

flagella all around the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemotaxis

A

bacteria moves in response to chemical signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bacteria “runs”

A

smooth linear movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bacteria “tumbles”

A

Flagella rotates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Endoflagella

A

lies between the peptidoglycan ad outer membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fimbriae

A

used for attachment

17
Q

Pili

A

attachment and conjugation (DNA exchange)

18
Q

Glycocalyx

A

composed of polysaccharides, proteins or both
used to avoid phagocytosis and adhesion

19
Q

Capsule

A

denser/thicker than slime
stain negative
produce mucoid
greater pathogenicity

20
Q

cell envelope

A

lies outside cytoplasm
composed of : Cell wall, membrane, and outer membrane

21
Q

Bacteria cell wall

A

determine the shape
protect against osmotic pressure
rigidity from peptidoglycan

22
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

repeating framework of long glycan(sugar) chains cross-linked by short peptide(protein) fragments

23
Q

Gram positive cell

A

Thick peptidoglycan
teichoic acid
lipoteichoic acid

24
Q
A

Monotrichous

25
Q
A

Amphitrichous

26
Q
A

Lophotrichous

27
Q
A

teichoic acid
lipoteichoic acid
peptidoglycan
cell membrane
membrane protein

28
Q
A

Peritrichous

29
Q
A

Periplasmic space
cell membrane
peptidoglycan
outer membrane
lipoproteins
porin protein
lipopolysaccharide
phospholipids

30
Q

Gram negative cell

A

thin peptidoglycan
lipopolysaccharide (lipid A = shock/fever)
two membranes
porins

31
Q

Bacterial DNA is located

A

in nucleoid

32
Q

Acid fast stain used to ID?

A

Tuberculosis
Leprosy

33
Q

cytoplasm

A

70-80% water
contains the DNA in nucleoid

33
Q

prokaryote cytoplasmic membrane

A

lipid bilayer with proteins
site for reactions containing enzymes/ATP
regulate nutrients in/out of cell

34
Q

Bacterial chromosome shape

A

single circle

34
Q

plasmid

A

nonessential pieces of DNA

35
Q

Prokaryotic ribosome

A

two subunits 30S/50S
total size 70S
60% rRNA/ 40% protein
translate mRNA into proteins

36
Q

Bacterial endospores

A

dormant body
metabolically active
meant for survival

37
Q

Sporulation Cycle

A
  1. vegetative cell depleted of nutrients
  2. chromosome is duplicated and separated
  3. cell septate into sporangium n fore spore
  4. sporangium engulfs forespore for development
  5. sporangium actively synthesize spore layers around forespore
  6. cortex and outer coat layers are deposited
  7. mature endospore
  8. frees pore released with loss of sporangium
  9. germination: spore swells and release vegetative cell
38
Q

Archaea

A

Found in extreme environments
DNA is circular
ribosome 70S but structured like 80S

Micro (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions