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Micro > Ch.16 > Flashcards

Ch.16 Flashcards

infectious disease infecting skin and eyes

1
Q

maculopapular

A

flat slightly raised colored bump

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2
Q

4 types of maculopapular rash

A
  1. Measels (rubeola)
  2. Rubella (german measles)
  3. Roseola
  4. Scarlet fever
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3
Q

Causative agent for Measels

A

Measels virus

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4
Q

Causative agent for Rubella

A

Rubella virus

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5
Q

Causative agent for Roseolla

A

HHV-6
human herpes virus

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6
Q

Causative agent for scarlet fever

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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7
Q

transmission of the maculopapular rash

A

Measels- respiratory droplets
Rubella- respiratory droplets and contact
Roseola- contact with respiratory secretions/saliva
Scarlet fever- respiratory infection with streptococcus pyogenes (pharyngitis)

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8
Q

Signs/symptoms of Measels

A

Koplik spot- red patches with white grain-like centers on the gum line
- rash begins at the hairline, spreading to the face, trunk, then extremities
- lymphadenitis
- conjunctivitis

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9
Q

what rarely causes pan-encephalitis?

A

Measels

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10
Q

does measles have a vaccine? what is it called?

A

-Yes
-MMR- measels, mumps, rubella inoculation

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11
Q

culture/diagnosis for measles

A

ELISA test for IgM to measels antigen

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12
Q

prevention for measels

A

MMR vaccine protection up to 20 yrs
- healthy children aged 12-15 months, with booster before entering school

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13
Q

German Measles

A

rubella

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14
Q

symptoms of rubella

A

-occasional fever and pale-pink maculopapular rash
- relapses can occur

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15
Q

What is congenital rubella

A

when the fetus is infected through the placenta

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16
Q

fetus infected with congenital rubella can have problems with?

A

eyes, ears, and heart

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17
Q

is there a vaccine to rubella?

A
  • not for congenital rubella - everyone else can get the MMR vaccine, children 12-15 months, booster at 4-6
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18
Q

“sixth disease”

A

Roseola

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19
Q

signs/symptoms of Roseola

A
  • maculopapular rash
  • high fever 105 lasting 3 days
  • 4th day fever disapears and rash may appear on chest, trunk, less on face and limbs
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20
Q

Roseola most likely to infect?

A

-infants
-bone marrow transplant recipients

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21
Q

what virus is believed to be dormant and can be associated with multiple sclerosis?

A

Roseola

22
Q

Scarlet Fever is due to what bacteria

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

23
Q

how does Streptococcus pyogenes cause scarlet fever?

A

contains bacteriophage carrying gene for erythrogenic exotoxin

24
Q

Staphylococcus aureus produce?

A

exotoxins

25
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

26
Q

SS of S. aureus

A

-raised, red, local lesions
- pus, hot to the touch
- fever is common

27
Q

factors that transmit S. aureus

A
  • antimicrobial use
  • compromised skin
  • contact surfaces
28
Q

how can you test for staphylococcus aureus?

A

coagulase test
mannittol salt agar

29
Q

Types of vesicular or pustular rash diseases

A

Chicken Pox
Small Pox

30
Q

what does pox mean?

A

bump filled with fluid

31
Q

What causes chicken pox?

A

varicella-zoster virus

32
Q

how is chicken pox transmitted?

A

skin contact and respiratory droplets

33
Q

Signs/Symptoms of chicken pox

A

red, itchy rash all over the body that turns into fluid-filled vesicles that break open with highly infected virus-laden fluid

34
Q

common complication with chicken pox

A

bacterial skin infection

35
Q

how long does chicken pox lasts?

A

4-7 days
new lesions stop appearing after day 5

36
Q

.1% of chickenpox cases are followed by?

A

encephalopathy

37
Q

Another name for shingles?

A

herpes zoster

38
Q

dangerous bioterrorism weapon in 2001

A

small pox

39
Q

Signs/Symptoms of small pox

A

-pink-red macules on the face and trunk
- turns into papules
- then fluid-filled vesicles
- becomes pustules that break open and emit puss
- leaving pitted scars (pocks)

40
Q

why can small pox be dangerous?

A
  • it’s not limited to the skin
  • can be malignant
  • can be hemorrhagic
41
Q

What are human papillomavirus

A

wart resulting from a specific strain of HPV, causes genital warts and cancer

42
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

member of the poxvirus family

43
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Fungal infection by dermatpophytes (tinea infections/ringworm)

44
Q

How are fungal infections transmitted

A

-Domestic animals
-famines like floors, mats, or towels

45
Q

Symptoms of dermatophytosis

A

Blister like lesions with thin fluid discharge

46
Q

How to treat fungal infections

A

Change the skin environment like pH

47
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Pink eye most commonly caused by S. aureus

48
Q

Symptoms of conjunctivitis

A

Pain, swelling. Redness, and discharge that may cause eyes to stick together

49
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis signs

A

Milky discharge

50
Q

Viral conjunctivitis signs

A

Clear, watery exudate

51
Q

Neonatal conjunctivitis causative agent

A

Chlamydia trachomatis/ neisseria gonorrhoeae

Micro (10 decks)

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