CH.29 Flashcards
The _____ is the basic functional unit of all plants and animals.
a. DNA
b. cell
c. macromolecule
d. lipid
b
The human body is composed of about 80% _____.
a. carbohydrates
b. protein
c. nucleic acids
d. water
d. water
The _____ in the body provide fuel for cell metabolism.
a. protein
b. water
c. carbohydrates
d. hormones
c. carbohydrates
The endocrine glands produce _____.
a. hormones
b. lipids
c. antigens
d. glycerol
a. hormones
The _____ in the cell are nucleic acids.
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. lipids
d. both A and B
d. both A and B
The most radiosensitive target molecule in the human cell is the _____.
a. protein
b. DNA
c. hormone
d. glucose
b. DNA
DNA is located in the _____ of the cell.
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. wall
d. both A and B
a. nucleus
The only principal molecules in the body which are simple molecules are _____ molecules.
a. carbohydrate
b. water
c. lipid
b. water
The metabolic process of building large molecules from smaller ones is called _____.
a. synthesis
b. catabolism
c. anabolism
d. homeostasis
c. anabolism
All the hereditary information about an individual is contained in the _____ cells.
a. germ
b. brain
c. blood
d. skin
a. germ
The two major parts of the cell are the nucleus and the _____.
a. mitochondria
b. cell wall
c. nucleolus
d. cytoplasm
d. cytoplasm
The cell “engines” are the _____.
a. ribosomes
b. lysosomes
c. mitochondria
d. nucleoli
c. mitochondria
The _____ have the function of cleaning contaminants from the cell.
a. mitochondria
b. lysosomes
c. ribosomes
d. chromatids
b. lysosomes
A codon is a _____.
a. protein molecule
b. cell organelle
c. genetic message
d. somatic cell
c. genetic message
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is located primarily in the _____.
a. cytoplasm
b. nucleus
c. cell wall
d. ribosomes
a. cytoplasm
Meiosis is the process of cell division for _____ cells.
a. muscle
b. skin
c. somatic
d. genetic
d. genetic
A cell is in _____ when it is not undergoing mitosis or meiosis.
a. prophase
b. anaphase
c. interphase
d. telophase
c. interphase
Any chromosome damage induced by radiation could be seen during the _____.
a. metaphase
b. telophase
c. anaphase
d. prophase
a. metaphase
During the _____ phase of cell life, each DNA molecule is replicated into two identical daughter DNA molecules.
a. G1
b. G2
c. M
d. S
d. S
The process of cell meiosis results in cells with _____ chromosomes each.
a. 22
b. 23
c. 46
d. 48
b. 23
The tissue in the _____ is more radiosensitive than _____ tissue.
a. bone marrow, skin
b. brain, cornea
c. muscle, gonadal
d. brain, lymphoid
a. bone marrow, skin
Before cells mature, they are called _____ cells.
a. stem
b. precursor
c. undifferentiated
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Most of the tissue in the average human body is composed of _____.
a. blood
b. skin
c. muscle
d. fat
c. muscle
Lymphoid tissue begins to atrophy at what amount of radiation dose?
a. 5 Gy
b. 2 Gy
c. 10 Gy
d. 30 Gy
b. 2 Gy
One of the most radiosensitive tissues in the body is _____ tissue.
a. spinal
b. muscle
c. lymphoid
d. thyroid
c. lymphoid
What are pyrimidines?
Thymine and cytosine
What are purines?
Guanine and adenine
