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ANAT1119 - Orofacial Anatomy I > CH28 - Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

CH28 - Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

Week 10

1
Q

The end attached to the least movable structure

A

Origin

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2
Q

The other end, attached to the more movable structure (moves toward origin)

A

Insertion

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3
Q

the work that is accomplished when muscle fibers contract

A

Action

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4
Q

Muscles of Mastication

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Lateral pterygoid
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5
Q

The muscles of mastication are attached to the mandible & are responsible for

A
  • Elevating
  • Protruding
  • Retruding
  • Laterally
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6
Q

Muscles of mastication are innervated by the

A

5th cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve)

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7
Q

Where does the blood supply for the muscles of mastication come from?

A

Maxillary artery

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8
Q

Most powerful of the muscles of mastication

A

Masseter

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9
Q

What is the action of the masseter muscle?

A

Elevates the mandible (closes)

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10
Q

What is the origin of the masseter muscle?

A

2 areas on the zygomatic arch

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11
Q

Where is the insertion of the masseter muscle?

A

Into the angle of the mandible on the lateral side

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12
Q

What is the action of the temporalis muscle?

A

Elevate or retrude the mandible

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13
Q

What is the origin of the temporalis muscle?

A

From temporal fossa

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14
Q

Where is the insertion of the temporalis muscle?

A

Into coronoid process of mandible​

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15
Q

What is the action of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

Elevates the mandible (closes)

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16
Q

What is the origin of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

Medial side of lateral pterygoid plate & fossa or Maxillary tuberosity

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17
Q

Where is the insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

Angle of mandible (medial side)

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18
Q

What is the action of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A
  • Protrude & depress mandible (both heads function)
  • Lateral excursion
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19
Q

What is the origin of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A
  • Superior-infratemporal crest of the greater wing of sphenoid bone
    -Inferior-lateral side of the lateral pterygoid plate
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20
Q

Where is the insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Anterior border of the TMJ & neck of the condyle

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21
Q

Horseshoe-shaped bone suspended beneath the mandible, with the open end of the horseshoe pointed posteriorly

A

Hyoid bone

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22
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Above hyoid

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23
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Below hyoid

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24
Q

Suprahyoid group

A
  • Digastric muscle
  • Mylohyoid muscle
  • Geniohyoid Muscle
  • Stylohyoid Muscle
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25
Q

Muscle fibers at opposite ends & tendon in the middle

A

Digastric muscle

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26
Q

What is the action of the digastric muscle?

A

Retrudes the mandible, lifts the hyoid bone, pulls larynx
up, pulls mandible down

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27
Q

What is the origin of the digastric muscle?

A

Digastric notch of temporal bone just medial to the mastoid process behind the ear

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28
Q

Where is the insertion of the digastric muscle?

A

Digastric fossa on inferior surface of mandible at the midline

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29
Q

What 2 nerves supply the digastric muscle?

A
  • Trigeminal nerve
  • Facial nerve
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30
Q

Muscle that forms floor of the mouth

A

Mylohyoid muscle

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31
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Depression of the mandible, elevation of the hyoid bone

32
Q

What is the origin of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

The mylohyoid line on the medial surface of the mandible (bilaterally)

33
Q

Where is the insertion of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Hyoid bone

34
Q

What 2 nerves supply the mylohyoid muscle?

A
  • Trigeminal nerve
  • Cranial nerve
35
Q

What artery supplies blood to the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

36
Q

What is the action of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Depresses mandible, elevates hyoid bone

37
Q

What is the origin of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Inferior genial tubercle/mental spine on lingual of mandible at midline

38
Q

Where is the insertion of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Into hyoid bone at the midline

39
Q

What nerve supplies the geniohyoid muscle?

A

First cervical nerve

40
Q

What artery supplies blood to the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Lingual artery

41
Q

What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Pulls hyoid bone up and back

42
Q

What is the origin of the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Styloid process (base of skull)

43
Q

Where is the insertion of the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Posterior of hyoid bone

44
Q

What nerve supplies the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Facial nerve

45
Q

What 2 arteries supply blood to the stylohyoid muscle?

A
  • Facial artery
  • Occipital artery
46
Q

Infrahyoid group

A
  • Omohyoid
  • Sternohyoid
  • Sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
47
Q

Two bellies separated by a tendon

A

Omohyoid Muscle

48
Q

What is the action of the omohyoid muscle?

A

Pulls hyoid bone down

49
Q

What is the origin of the omohyoid muscle?

A

Border of scapula, & hyoid bone

50
Q

Where is the insertion for the omohyoid muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

51
Q

What nerves supply the omohyoid muscle?

A

Second & third cervical nerves

52
Q

What arteries supply blood to the omohyoid muscle?

A

Lingual & superior thyroid arteries

53
Q

What is the action of the sternohyoid muscle?

A

pulls hyoid bone down

54
Q

What is the origin of the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Upper border of sternum

55
Q

Where is the insertion of the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Front of hyoid bone

56
Q

What nerves supply the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Second & third cervical nerves

57
Q

What arteries supply blood to the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Lingual & superior thyroid arteries

58
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Pulls the larynx down

59
Q

What is the origin of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Sternum

60
Q

Where is the insertion of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Thyroid cartilage of the larynx

61
Q

What nerves supply the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Second & third cervical nerves

62
Q

What artery supplies blood to the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Superior thyroid artery

63
Q

What is the action of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Lifts thyroid cartilage & raises larynx; helps depress hyoid bone

64
Q

What is the origin of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Thyroid cartilage

65
Q

Where is the insertion of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Hyoid bone

66
Q

What nerve supplies the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Cervical nerve

67
Q

What artery supplies blood to the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Superior thyroid artery

68
Q

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Tilting & rotating the head

69
Q

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Sternum & medial third of clavicle

70
Q

Where is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone

71
Q

What nerve supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

11th cranial nerve (accessory nerve)

72
Q

What artery supplies blood to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Branch of external carotid artery

73
Q

What is the action of the trapezius muscle?

A

Shrugging shoulders; elevates & slightly rotates scapula

74
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius muscle?

A

occipital bone & spinous process of cervical &
thoracic vertebrae

75
Q

Where is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?

A

Scapula & clavicle

76
Q

What nerves supply the trapezius muscle?

A

Cervical nerves 2,3,4

77
Q

The ___ muscle can cause TMJ pain when in spasm

A

Trapezius

ANAT1119 - Orofacial Anatomy I (8 decks)

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