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ANAT1119 - Orofacial Anatomy I > CH26 - Osteology of the Skull > Flashcards

CH26 - Osteology of the Skull Flashcards

Week 9

1
Q

Function of bones of the skull

A
  • Surround the brain
  • Protect the brain from injury
  • Form the facial skeleton
  • Participate in growth of jaw
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2
Q

How many bones are in the skull?

A

22 bones

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3
Q

Joining of 2 or more lesions

A

Suture

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4
Q

Hole or opening in bone

A

Foramen

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5
Q

Tubelike opening through bone

A

Canal

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6
Q

How many neurocranium bones (brain)

A

8 bones

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7
Q

Name the 8 bones of the neurocranium

A
  • Frontal bone (single)
  • Sphenoid bone (single)
  • Ethmoid bone (single)
  • Occipital bone (single)
  • Temporal bones (paired)
  • Parietal bones (paired)
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8
Q

How many viscerocranium bones (facial)

A

14 bones

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9
Q

Name the 14 bones of the viscerocranium

A
  • Mandible (single)
  • Vomer (single)
  • Nasal bones (paired)
  • Lacrimal bones (paired)
  • Zygomatic bones (paired)
  • Inferior nasal conchae (paired)
  • Palatine bones (paired)
  • Maxillae (paired)
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10
Q

Area forms the eyes to the top of the skull

A

Frontal bone

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11
Q

Area below the eyes to the
occlusal plane

A

Paired zygomatic bones & paired maxillae

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12
Q

Form the bridge of the nose, & the lower jaw

A

Paired nasal bones; mandible

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13
Q

Forms inner (medial) corner of the eye cavity (orbit)

A

Small lacrimal bone

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14
Q

Septal cartilage, vomer, & the perpendicular plate of the
ethmoid bone

A

Vertical nasal septum

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15
Q

Found in the lower, lateral portions of the nasal cavity

A

Inferior nasal conchae

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16
Q

Orbital portion of the lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid forms the

A

Superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

Roof of orbit is formed by the ___ of the frontal bone

A

Orbital plate

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18
Q

Name 3 sutures

A
  • Coronal suture
  • Squamous suture
  • Lambdoid suture (“V”)
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19
Q

Name 3 processes

A
  • Mastoid process
  • Zygomatic process
  • Styloid process
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20
Q

Projection on temporal bone-behind external auditory meatus

A

Mastoid process

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21
Q

Temporal bone and temporal process of zygomatic bone-make up zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process

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22
Q

The attachment of muscles and ligaments of the neck

A

Styloid process

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23
Q

3 things seen in the palatal regions

A
  • Incisive foramen
  • Median palatine suture
  • Transverse palatine/ palatomaxillary suture
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24
Q

5 things seen in the posterolateral portion of hard palate

A
  • Greater palatine foramen
  • Lesser palatine foramen
  • Pterygoid hamuli
  • Lateral pterygoid plates
  • Pterygoid fossa
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25
Q

In the sphenoid bone, transmits the 5th cranial nerve to the lower jaw

A

Foramen ovale

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26
Q

Posterior to foramen oval, transmits middle meningeal artery

A

Foramen spinosum

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27
Q

Openings for internal carotid arteries, posterior to foramen ovale & spinosum

A

Carotid canals

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28
Q

Opening in floor of carotid canal, filled with cartilage

A

Foramen lacerum

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29
Q

Junction of the sphenoid bone & occipital bone

A

Spheno-occipital synchondrosis

30
Q

Opening for facial nerve
(cranial nerve VII)

A

Stylomastoid foramina, styloid processes, mastoid processes

31
Q

Passageway for olfactory nerve from nasal cavity to brain

A

Cribriform plate

32
Q

Greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone are behind the

A

Ethmoid bone

33
Q

Houses frontal lobe of brain, anterior to the frontal bone

A

Anterior cranial fossa

34
Q

Depression in the sphenoid, home to the pituitary gland

A

Hypophyseal fossa

35
Q

Where nerves to mand/max teeth pass out of skull

A

Foramen ovale & foramen rotundum

36
Q

Large opening in occipital bone toward the posterior of skull

A

Foramen magnum

37
Q

Lateral to foramen magnum

A

Jugular foramen & internal acoustic meatus

38
Q

Houses the temporal lobe of brain

A

Middle cranial fossa

39
Q

Houses brainstem and cerebellum

A

Posterior cranial fossa

40
Q

Bones that surround the brain

A

Neurocranium

41
Q

Bones that don’t surround the brain; has to do with respiratory/digestive functions

A

Viscerocranium

42
Q

Neurocranium bones that cover outside of the brain

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
43
Q

Neurocranium bones that cover inferior portion of the brain

A
  • Ethmoid
  • Sphenoid
44
Q

Composed of the body, greater and lesser wings, and paired pterygoid processes

A

Sphenoid

45
Q

Thin walls of bone that project backward

A

Medial & lateral pterygoid plates

46
Q

Projects down from the medial pterygoid plate

A

Hamulus (hamular process)

47
Q

Viscerocranium bones that support the respiratory opening & eye socket

A
  • Nasal bones
  • Vomer
  • Lacrimal bones
  • Zygomatic and inferior nasal conchae
48
Q

Viscerocranium bones that support the masticatory system

A
  • Maxillae
  • Palatine bones
  • Mandible
49
Q

Maxillary projection that meets the frontal bone

A

Frontal process

50
Q

Maxillary projection that meets the zygomatic bone

A

Zygomatic process

51
Q

Forms the sockets for the upper teeth

A

Alveolar process

52
Q

Forms most of the hard palate

A

Horizontal palatine process

53
Q

Infection can spread to the sinuses from teeth & to teeth from the sinuses-
bidirectional

A

Maxillary sinuses

54
Q

Behind third molar, area where blood vessels & nerves enter bone, also where most maxillary growth happens

A

Maxillary tuberosity

55
Q

3 parts of the Mandible

A
  • Horizontal body
  • Alveolar process
  • Ramus
56
Q

Tip of chin

A

Mental protuberance

57
Q

Pathway for the mental blood vessels & nerves for
the lower lip & chin

A

Mental foramen

58
Q

Point where the inferior border of the mandible turns upward; divides the body & the ramus

A

Mandibular angle

59
Q

Articulates with temporal bone

A

Mandibular condyle

60
Q

Slightly narrowed area just beneath the condyle

A

Condylar neck

61
Q

Depression in the ramus

A

Coronoid/Mandibular notch

62
Q

Attachment for muscles of mastication

A

Coronoid process

63
Q

Anterior border of the ramus

A

External oblique line

64
Q

Midway up the ramus; where nerves & blood vessels for lower teeth & lip enter

A

Mandibular foramen

65
Q

Attachment for mylohyoid muscle; in front of the foramen & running forward & down

A

Mylohyoid line

66
Q

Allows passage for mylohyoid nerve & vessels

A

Mylohyoid groove

67
Q

Depressions in bone where salivary glands are

A

Sublingual and submandibular fossae

68
Q

Area right behind the third molars

A

Retromolar triangle

69
Q

Attachments for muscles that aid in tongue movement/swallowing

A

Superior & inferior genial tubercles or mental spines

70
Q

Points of attachment for anterior digastric muscle

A

Digastric fossae

71
Q

Projection of bone that partially covers the opening of the mandibular
foramen; point of attachment for sphenomandibular ligament

A

Lingula

ANAT1119 - Orofacial Anatomy I (8 decks)

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