Ch23 Serological and Molecular Detection of Viral Infections Flashcards
Obligate intracellular pathogens
viruses
Exist as BOTH freely circulating
particles and intracellular particles
viruses
Rely on host cells for their
replication and survival
viruses
testing method that is most sensitive, especially for HBs AG
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) test
Patient serum with Ag is incubated with a bound Ab then
an Enzyme labeled Ab is added (Horseradish peroxidase is common enzyme)
A sandwich technique(ELISA)
IgM (+), IgG (+/–) ; results indicate what
current or recent infection; congenital infection
IgM (–), IgG (+); results indicate what
past infection
Antibody titers used to
monitor course of infection or assess immunity (immunization)
which test checks for immunity
virus-specific IgG
hepatitis means
inflammation of the liver
jaundice, dark urine, light colored feces
▪ Elevated bilirubin and liver enzymes
symptoms of hepatitis
these viruses are transmitted by fecal- oral route
HAV and HEV
Transmitted via
parenteral route
HBV, HDV, HCV
means of contact with body fluids (blood, semen, etc)
Parenteral
A nonenveloped RNA virus Fecal-oral route
* Close person-to-person contact
* Ingestion of contaminated food or water
* Overcrowding, poor personal hygiene, homeless
HAV
Infections in children are usually asymptomatic in this virus
HAV
Produces acute hepatitis in majority of adults.
HAV
Anti-HAV IgM (+) results means what
recent acute hep a infection
Usually, not associated with chronic carriers
HAV
A nonenveloped RNA virus; Mostly asymptomatic or self-limiting
infections
HEV
this HEV is transmitted primarily
through ingestion of feces-contaminated
drinking water
HEV 1 & HEV 2
this HEV is transmitted mainly by consumption of infected pork; zoonotic
infections – undercooked wild boars, deer
HEV 3 & HEV 4
Major cause of morbidity/mortality worldwide
HBV
An enveloped DNA virus transmitted
through parenteral or perinatal routes
HBV
