Ch.21 Nonvascular Plants Flashcards
Plants are a diverse group that can be described as ______.
a. eukaryotic
b. multicellular
c. autotrophic
d. all of the above
All of the above
Nonvascular plants include which of the following?
a. Liverworts.
b. True mosses.
c. Hornworts.
d. All of the above.
All of the above
Hornworts usually live in a ____ environment.
a. dry and shady
b. moist and shady
c. dry and sunny
d. wet and sunny
moist and shady
Because they lack vascular tissue, nonvascular plants are ____.
a. unable to transport water
b. unable to anchor their roots
c. able to produce flowers
d. able to live in dry areas
unable to anchor their roots
The body of a thalloid liverwort is called the ____.
a. thallus
b. rhizoid
c. capsule
d. calyptra
thallus
_______ are described as either leafy or thalloid.
a. Hornworts
b. Quillworts
c. Liverworts
d. Horsetails
Liverworts
The alternation of generations means that ________.
a. the dominant generation is always the haploid
b. the spore-producing stage is alternating with the sex cell–producing stage
c. plants are reproducing asexually
d. plants are transitioning from water to land
the spore-producing stage is alternating with the sex cell–producing stage
______ belong to the phylum Anthocerophyta.
a. Quillworts
b. Liverworts
c. Hornworts
d. Mosses
Hornworts
What structure in the liverwort anchors the thallus?
a. Gemmae.
b. Rhizoids.
c. Seta.
d. Stomata.
Rhizoids
This picture shows what stage of the life cycle of the moss?
a. Sporophyte.
b. Gametophyte.
c. Asexual.
d. Sexual.
Gametophyte
Nonvascular plants are generally low to the ground because they_____.
a. lack leaves
b. cannot reproduce sexually
c. lack an epidermis
d. cannot transport nutrients
lack leaves
Which of the following plants has a dominant gametophyte generation?
a. Any fern.
b. Any true moss.
c. Any cone-bearing tree.
d. Any flowering tree.
any true moss
Identify the structures in this photograph.
a. Protonema.
b. Archegonia.
c. Gemmae cups.
d. Rhizoids.
Gemmae cups
What takes place in the capsule of Marchantia spp.?
a. Asexual reproduction.
b. Meiosis.
c. Fertilization.
d. Photosynthesis.
Meiosis
How does the thalloid liverwort reproduce asexually?
a. Gemmae are dislodged by rain.
b. Rhizoids extend into the soil and clone new plants.
c. Mitosis along the leaves produces tiny plantlets.
d. Elaters disperse spores into the environment.
Elaters disperse spores into the environment
Which plants can reproduce asexually through fragmentation?
a. Hornworts.
b. Mosses.
c. Liverworts.
d. All of the above.
e. A and C.
All of the above
Herbaceous plants lack ________.
a. green leaves
b. woody stems
c. seeds
d. flowers
woody stems
In liverworts, an egg is produced in the _____.
a. calyptra
b. protonema
c. archegonium (female-egg)
d. antheridium (math- sperm)
archegonium
Historically, which type of plant was important in establishing the transition from water to land and the dominance of the gametophyte generation?
a. Seed.
b. Seedless.
c. Woody.
d. Nonvascular.
Nonvascular
In the 19th century, peat moss was used to pack abscesses. The antibacterial properties are mainly the result of its _____ pH.
a. basic
b. acidic
c. neutral
d. 7.2
acidic
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Fertilization produces the gametophyte generation.
b. The gametophyte generation is dominant in vascular plants.
c. Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells.
d. The gametophyte starts out as a diploid spore.
Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells
Many liverworts develop a symbiotic relationship with fungi, which enter through what part of the liverwort?
a. Roots.
b. Rhizoids.
c. Thallus.
d. Vascular tissue.
Rhizoids
A liverwort spore reaching a suitable habitat germinates to produce a thin photosynthetic filament of cells, which is known as a __________.
a. gemmae
b. gametophyte
c. protonema
d. rhizoid
protonema
Presence or absence of specialized conducting tissue known as____________is a common means of distinguishing members of the plant kingdom.
a. lignin
b. nonvascular tissue
c. vascular tissue
d. xylem
vascular tissue
Adaptations of plants for life on land include _____.
a. development of leaves, roots, and stems
b. alternation of generations
c. evolution of the seed
d. all of the above
All of the above
A plant has leaves all the same size, with a thick midrib, that allow water to pass in easily. The plant is most likely a ______.
a. liverwort
b. moss
c. hornwort
d. fern
moss
In liverworts, what typically transports sperm cells of the antheridiophore to the archegonium single egg?
a. Receptacles.
b. Soil.
c. Rainwater.
d. Protonema.
Rainwater
Moss can reproduce asexually when ______.
a. it releases antheridia
b. rain releases gemmae
c. it produces spores
d. the thallus fragments
it produces spores
Cyanobacteria form a symbiotic association with some species of hornworts. What role does the cyanobacteria have in this relationship?
a. They supply their host with fixed nitrogen.
b. They provide photosynthetic products to the host, as the hornwort does not photosynthesize.
c. They help anchor the hornworts.
d. They create mucilage.
They supply their host with fixed nitrogen
Germinating meiospores in the life cycle of the Bryophyta become _____.
a. male gametophytes
b. female gametophytes
c. male and female gametophytes
d. sporophytes
male and female gametophytes
