Ch.21 Nonvascular Plants

Question 1

Plants are a diverse group that can be described as ______.
a. eukaryotic
b. multicellular
c. autotrophic
d. all of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

Nonvascular plants include which of the following?
a. Liverworts.
b. True mosses.
c. Hornworts.
d. All of the above.

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

Hornworts usually live in a ____ environment.
a. dry and shady
b. moist and shady
c. dry and sunny
d. wet and sunny

Answer 3

moist and shady

Question 4

Because they lack vascular tissue, nonvascular plants are ____.
a. unable to transport water
b. unable to anchor their roots
c. able to produce flowers
d. able to live in dry areas

Answer 4

unable to anchor their roots

Question 5

The body of a thalloid liverwort is called the ____.
a. thallus
b. rhizoid
c. capsule
d. calyptra

Answer 5

thallus

Question 6

_______ are described as either leafy or thalloid.
a. Hornworts
b. Quillworts
c. Liverworts
d. Horsetails

Answer 6

Liverworts

Question 7

The alternation of generations means that ________.
a. the dominant generation is always the haploid
b. the spore-producing stage is alternating with the sex cell–producing stage
c. plants are reproducing asexually
d. plants are transitioning from water to land

Answer 7

the spore-producing stage is alternating with the sex cell–producing stage

Question 8

______ belong to the phylum Anthocerophyta.
a. Quillworts
b. Liverworts
c. Hornworts
d. Mosses

Answer 8

Hornworts

Question 9

What structure in the liverwort anchors the thallus?
a. Gemmae.
b. Rhizoids.
c. Seta.
d. Stomata.

Answer 9

Rhizoids

Question 10

This picture shows what stage of the life cycle of the moss?

a. Sporophyte.
b. Gametophyte.
c. Asexual.
d. Sexual.

Answer 10

Gametophyte

Question 11

Nonvascular plants are generally low to the ground because they_____.
a. lack leaves
b. cannot reproduce sexually
c. lack an epidermis
d. cannot transport nutrients

Answer 11

lack leaves

Question 12

Which of the following plants has a dominant gametophyte generation?
a. Any fern.
b. Any true moss.
c. Any cone-bearing tree.
d. Any flowering tree.

Answer 12

any true moss

Question 13

Identify the structures in this photograph.

a. Protonema.
b. Archegonia.
c. Gemmae cups.
d. Rhizoids.

Answer 13

Gemmae cups

Question 14

What takes place in the capsule of Marchantia spp.?
a. Asexual reproduction.
b. Meiosis.
c. Fertilization.
d. Photosynthesis.

Answer 14

Meiosis

Question 15

How does the thalloid liverwort reproduce asexually?
a. Gemmae are dislodged by rain.
b. Rhizoids extend into the soil and clone new plants.
c. Mitosis along the leaves produces tiny plantlets.
d. Elaters disperse spores into the environment.

Answer 15

Elaters disperse spores into the environment

Question 16

Which plants can reproduce asexually through fragmentation?
a. Hornworts.
b. Mosses.
c. Liverworts.
d. All of the above.
e. A and C.

Answer 16

All of the above

Question 17

Herbaceous plants lack ________.
a. green leaves
b. woody stems
c. seeds
d. flowers

Answer 17

woody stems

Question 18

In liverworts, an egg is produced in the _____.
a. calyptra
b. protonema
c. archegonium (female-egg)
d. antheridium (math- sperm)

Answer 18

archegonium

Question 19

Historically, which type of plant was important in establishing the transition from water to land and the dominance of the gametophyte generation?
a. Seed.
b. Seedless.
c. Woody.
d. Nonvascular.

Answer 19

Nonvascular

Question 20

In the 19th century, peat moss was used to pack abscesses. The antibacterial properties are mainly the result of its _____ pH.
a. basic
b. acidic
c. neutral
d. 7.2

Answer 20

acidic

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true?
a. Fertilization produces the gametophyte generation.
b. The gametophyte generation is dominant in vascular plants.
c. Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells.
d. The gametophyte starts out as a diploid spore.

Answer 21

Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells

Question 22

Many liverworts develop a symbiotic relationship with fungi, which enter through what part of the liverwort?
a. Roots.
b. Rhizoids.
c. Thallus.
d. Vascular tissue.

Answer 22

Rhizoids

Question 23

A liverwort spore reaching a suitable habitat germinates to produce a thin photosynthetic filament of cells, which is known as a __________.
a. gemmae
b. gametophyte
c. protonema
d. rhizoid

Answer 23

protonema

Question 24

Presence or absence of specialized conducting tissue known as____________is a common means of distinguishing members of the plant kingdom.
a. lignin
b. nonvascular tissue
c. vascular tissue
d. xylem

Answer 24

vascular tissue

Question 25

Adaptations of plants for life on land include _____.
a. development of leaves, roots, and stems
b. alternation of generations
c. evolution of the seed
d. all of the above

Answer 25

All of the above

Question 26

A plant has leaves all the same size, with a thick midrib, that allow water to pass in easily. The plant is most likely a ______.
a. liverwort
b. moss
c. hornwort
d. fern

Answer 26

moss

Question 27

In liverworts, what typically transports sperm cells of the antheridiophore to the archegonium single egg?
a. Receptacles.
b. Soil.
c. Rainwater.
d. Protonema.

Answer 27

Rainwater

Question 28

Moss can reproduce asexually when ______.
a. it releases antheridia
b. rain releases gemmae
c. it produces spores
d. the thallus fragments

Answer 28

it produces spores

Question 29

Cyanobacteria form a symbiotic association with some species of hornworts. What role does the cyanobacteria have in this relationship?
a. They supply their host with fixed nitrogen.
b. They provide photosynthetic products to the host, as the hornwort does not photosynthesize.
c. They help anchor the hornworts.
d. They create mucilage.

Answer 29

They supply their host with fixed nitrogen

Question 30

Germinating meiospores in the life cycle of the Bryophyta become _____.
a. male gametophytes
b. female gametophytes
c. male and female gametophytes
d. sporophytes

Answer 30

male and female gametophytes