Ch. 19 Bacteria Flashcards
In what types of environments do bacteria live?
a. Extremely hot/cold.
b. Digestive system of humans/animals.
c. Deep underground.
d. All of the above.
e. B and C.
All of the above
In what types of environments do bacteria live?
a. Extremely hot/cold.
b. Digestive system of humans/animals.
c. Deep underground.
d. All of the above.
e. B and C.
antibiotics
Many bacteria cause devastating diseases in plants and animals; however, some bacteria are used to produce ________.
a. antidiabetic agents
b. antibiotics
c. antivirals
d. antifungals
antibiotics
Bacteria that require oxygen for survival are known as ________.
a. obligate aerobes
b. obligate anaerobes
c. facultative anaerobes
d. aerobes
obligate aerobes
________ is the name used for the traditional bacterial kingdom, now known as the two distinct domains of Archaea and Bacteria.
a. Protista
b. Eukarya
c. Monera
d. Chromista
Monera
Archaea classified as ________ can live in extremely cold conditions, such as in the Antarctic region.
a. psychrophiles
b. acidophiles
c. thermophiles
d. alkaliphiles
psychrophiles
Which of the following bacteria are important in the production of oxygen?
a. Chlamydias.
b. Cyanobacteria.
c. Proteobacteria.
d. Spirochaetes.
cyanobacteria
Rod-shaped bacteria are known as ________.
a. rotini
b. spirilli
c. cocci
d. bacilli
bacilli
Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to distinguish between various kinds of bacteria based on the characteristics of the ________.
a. plasma membrane
b. cell wall
c. ribosomes
d. DNA
cell wall
Antibiotics that kill bacteria directly are classified as ________.
a. fungicidal
b. bacteriostatic
c. bactericidal
d. antibacterial
bactericidal
Bacteria that produce light are referred to as ______.
a. bioluminescent
b. fluorescent
c. opalescent
d. translucent
bioluminescent
Gram-positive bacteria stain ________.
a. red
b. purple
c. orange
d. green
purple
Which of the following statements about bacteria is NOT true?
a. Most bacteria are pathogenic (disease-causing).
b. Bacteria live in diverse environments.
c. Bacteria constitute an overwhelming percentage of the earth’s total biomass.
d. Bacteria are used in industry to produce many products.
Most bacteria are pathogenic (disease-causing)
Archaea classified as ________ can exist in soil, sediment, and other less extreme environments.
a. methanogens
b. mesophiles
c. extremophiles
d. halophiles
mesophiles
Which of the following are nitrogen-fixing proteobacteria?
a. Vibrio spp.
b. Legionella spp.
c. Neisseria spp.
d. Rhizobium spp.
Rhizobium spp.
Which of the following bacteria causes the sexually transmitted disease syphilis?
a. Haemophilus influenzae.
b. Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
c. Treponema pallidum.
d. Clostridium botulinum
Treponema pallidum
Which of the following are gram-positive bacteria?
a. Staphylococcus spp.
b. Streptococcus spp.
c. Bacillus anthracis.
d. All of the above.
All of the above
Which of the following bacteria exist as diplococci?
a. Neisseria meningitidis.
b. Staphylococcus aureus.
c. Streptococcus pyogenes.
d. Chlamydia trachomatis.
Neisseria meningitidis
Some bacteria produce an endospore that enables them to ________.
a. synthesize proteins
b. survive under intolerable conditions
c. fix nitrogen
d. avoid destruction by the host’s immune system
survive under intolerable conditions
Plasmids, ringlike structures composed of DNA, are integral in bacterial ________.
a. metabolism
b. motility
c. conjugation
d. asexual reproduction
conjugation
In bioluminescent bacteria, the light-emitting compound is called ________.
a. fluorescein
b. luciferin
c. safranin
d. fuchsin
luciferin
Which of the following is a gram-positive bacterium that also forms spores?
a. Bacillus anthracis.
b. Staphylococcus aureus.
c. Streptococcus pyogenes.
d. Escherichia coli
Bacillus anthracis
Which of the following are classified as cyanobacteria?
a. Oscillatoria sp.
b. Serratia marcescens.
c. Treponema sp.
d. Nostoc sp.
e. A and D.
e. A and D
Clostridium botulinum is a bacteria that cannot live in oxygen. It is described as a/an ______.
a. obligate aerobe
b. obligate anaerobe
c. facultative anaerobe
d. facultative aerobe
obligate anaerobe
Which of the following bacteria is pathogenic in humans?
a. Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
b. Borrelia burgdorferi.
c. Clostridium botulinum.
d. All of the above.
All of the above
While visiting Yellowstone Park, you see the famous geyser “Old Faithful.” What type(s) of Archaea would you most likely find in this water?
a. Acidophiles.
b. Thermophiles.
c. Psychrophiles.
d. Halophiles.
Thermophiles
Archaea and Eukarya share which of the following features?
a. Cell wall of similar composition.
b. Cell membrane of similar composition.
c. Histone proteins in the DNA.
d. Thermophilic species.
Histone proteins in the DNA
Bacteria collected from a sick patient by a throat swab stains purple on a slide. What is the likely pathogen in this case?
a. Vibrio cholerae.
b. Streptococcus pyogenes.
c. Staphylococcus aureus.
d. Neisseria meningitidis.
Streptococcus pyogenes
Which of the following is a characteristic of the bacterium Escherichia coli?
a. Normally inhabits the digestive tract of many animals.
b. Is gram-negative.
c. Is a facultative anaerobe.
d. All of the above.
All of the above
Which of the following statements about the proteobacteria is NOT true?
a. Mitochondria may have evolved from them.
b. They are important oxygen producers.
c. They include the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium spp.
d. They are highly diverse, but share many molecular traits.
They are important oxygen producers
The process of bioluminescence ________.
a. produces heat
b. produces a reddish-pink color
c. requires a large amount of ATP
d. occurs in gram-positive cocci
requires a large amount of ATP
