Ch. 23 Flashcards
Gymnosperms consist of all of the following EXCEPT _____.
a. Cycadophyta
b. Sphenophyta
c. Gnetophyta
d. Ginkgophyta
Sphenophyta
Unlike the seeds of angiosperms, the seeds of gymnosperms ____.
a. are enclosed in an ovule
b. are encased in a fruit
c. mature on the surface of a cone scale
d. store nutrients after fertilization
mature on the surface of a cone scale
Because they have large leaves, cycads are often confused with ______.
a. ferns
b. club mosses
c. quillworts
d. ginkgos
ferns
The microspores of cycads divide by _____ , forming four-celled microgametophytes.
a. pollination
b. mitosis
c. meiosis
d. none of the above
meiosis
Seed plants, also known as _____________, are divided into the gymnosperms and angiosperms.
a. embryophytes
b. spermatophytes
c. lycophytes
d. pterophytes
spermatophytes
An ovule of a cycad contains which of the following?
a. Leaf primordium.
b. Cotyledon.
c. Root apex.
d. All of the above.
All of the above.
Most maidenhair trees planted in populated areas are _____.
a. male
b. female
c. susceptible to pests
d. highly branched
male
The foul-smelling odor of the Ginkgo biloba comes from its _____.
a. pollen tube
b. seed coat
c. integument
d. spurs
seed coat
This species of Gymnosperm has been called a living fossil.
a. Zamia pumila.
b. Cycas revolute.
c. Ginkgo biloba.
d. Welwitschia mirabilis.
Ginkgo biloba.
Which of the following are members of the phylum Coniferophyta?
a. Pines.
b. Cypresses.
c. Ginkgoes.
d. A and B.
e. All of the above.
A and B
Wings” on the pollen shown help you to identify it as _____________pollen.
a. pine
b. cycad
c. ginkgo
d. gnetophyte
pine
Gymnosperms flourished during what evolutionary period?
a. Permian.
b. Cretaceous.
c. Cenozoic.
d. Carboniferous.
Permian
Seeds of a gymnosperm mature on the surface of the _____.
a. pollen grain
b. cone scale
c. cupule
d. modified leaf
cone scale
Cycads are known for their ______________.
a. small leaves
b. branched trunk
c. slow rate of growth
d. fast rate of growth
slow rate of growth
Microgametocytes that eventually form swimming sperm are unique to _____.
a. cycads
b. ginkgos
c. palms
d. all of the above
e. A and B
A and B
Gnetophytes are unique gymnosperms because they possess _______ similar to that/those of angiosperms.
a. single fertilization
b. supportive endosperm
c. single-sex flowers
d. vessel elements
vessel elements
What happens to the seed cone in conifers as the seeds develop?
a. The cone opens.
b. The cone closes.
c. The cone decreases in size.
d. The cone increases in size.
e. B and C.
B and C
When a seed of the conifer germinates, it develops into a _____.
a. terminal bud
b. pollen cone
c. sporophyte
d. microsporophyll
sporophyte
Annual rings of a tree are composed of spring wood and summer wood. Spring wood is _____________________.
a. lighter in color with smaller cells
b. lighter in color with larger cells
c. darker in color with smaller cells
d. darker in color with larger cells
lighter in color with larger cells
Name the two basic types of cells making up xylem.
a. Vessel elements, phloem.
b. Sieve tube elements, tracheids.
c. Vessel elements, tracheids.
d. Tracheids, companion cells.
Vessel elements, tracheids
Name the structure shown in this photograph of a longitudinal section of a megasporangiate cone.
a. Seed.
b. Ovule.
c. Megasporophyll.
d. Microsporophyll.
Ovule
Pines and other conifers are sources of which of the following?
a. Medicine for cancer treatment.
b. Turpentines.
c. Lumber.
d. B and C.
e. All of the above.
All of the above
Name this part of the plant ovule.
a. Megasporophyte.
b. Integument.
c. Leaf primordium.
d. Nucellus.
Nucellus
Name this tissue layer from a conifer trunk.
a. Inner bark.
b. Xylem.
c. Phloem.
d. Vascular cambium.
Vascular cambium
The tiny duckweed provides an example of a life cycle dominated by the sporophyte generation, which is also characteristic of _____.
a. maidenhair trees
b. Ginkgo biloba
c. giant redwoods
d. all of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is TRUE of cycads?
a. Cycads have swimming sperm.
b. Cycads have smaller sperm than other seed plants.
c. Four megaspores divide mitotically.
d. A megasporocyte produces only one megaspore.
Cycads have swimming sperm
What feature in cycads offers a clue to how seedless vascular plants transitioned to seed-bearing vascular plants?
a. Germinating seeds.
b. Eggs in archegonium.
c. Swimming sperm.
d. Female gametophyte.
Swimming sperm
Name the tissue and its function as shown in the photo of the cross section of a pine needle.
a. Phloem, transport of water.
b. Xylem, transport of water.
c. Phloem, transport of nutrients.
d. Xylem, transport of nutrients.
Phloem, transport of nutrients
Cycads are rich in starch and also in _____.
a. edible seeds
b. neurotoxins
c. taxol
d. vertical resin canals
neurotoxins
Ephedra sinica contains alkaloids that could cause _______.
a. drowsiness
b. decreased blood flow
c. an increased heartbeat
d. a weakened immune system
an increased heartbeat
