Ch.2 Characteristics of Global North and Global South Flashcards
He said that Global South is a concept rather than a place. The term ―global south‖ and
similar categories are relevant and were used in the study of globalization. Moreover, the economists, scholars and economic activists made use of the term ―global south‖ to give
emphasis and as reference on the global
differences in status of countries
Lisandro Claudio (2011)
He said that the “The Global South is everywhere, but it is also somewhere, and that somewhere, located at the intersection of entangled political geographies of dispossession and repossession.
Matthew Sparke (2007)
He said that “The Global South is not a directional designation or a point due south from a fixed north. It is a symbolic designation
meant to capture the appearance of the
bond that emerged when former colonial
institutions that engaged in political
projects of decolonization and moved
toward the realization of a postcolonial
international order.”
Siba Grovogui (2011)
They said that ―Global South‖ refers in general to the regions of Latin America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. It is considered similar to the terms ―Third World‖ and ―Periphery,‖ that indicate regions outside Europe and North America. It refers to mostly (though not all) low-income and often politically or culturally marginalized countries.
Nour Dados and Rewyn Connell (2012)
The term Global South is not just to give another ―name‖ for underdevelopment, but rather it
mirrors or reflects a massive history of
colonialism, neo-imperialism, and differential economic and social change through which large inequalities in living standards, life expectancy, and access to resources are maintained.
(Is this Global North or South?) Composed of wealthy, industrialized and developed nations.
Democratic and capitalist countries
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) Home to all G8 (Group of 8 Industrialized Nations) Members (USA, Japan, Russia, Italy, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) Comprised of poor countries
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Technologically Advanced
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) Africa, Latin America, and the Developing Asia including the Middle East
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Lacks the right technology
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Highly Industrialized
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) Politically Unstable
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Steady market and stable prices of commodities
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) Economies are divided
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Foreign Exchange earnings are dependent on the primary product exports to the counterpart
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) Fluctuation of prices
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) holds 1/4 of the world population
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) controls 4/5 of the income earned anywhere in the world
Global North
(Is this Global North or South?) holds 3/4 of the world population
Global South
(Is this Global North or South?) has access to 1/5 of the world income
Global South
The term ―Third World was used during
The Cold War
Third World referred to
non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA
formed a movement that agreed not to meddle in the cold war between the First world (the
capitalist, industrialized and democratic countries in the West) and the Second World
(communist countries).
The Third World, in 1955, in Bandung, Indonesia
Third World are comprised of
countries in Africa and In Asia who were newly formed later joined by countries from south America. (Litonjua, 2010).
it is safe to conclude that ____________ are simply the same; just used in different times
Third World and Global South
Other ways of classifying nations
- World Bank Classification System
- United Nations Human Development Index Ratings
- United Nations Least Developed Countries
World Bank Classification criteria for Low Income Countries (LICs)
GNI per Capita is less than $976 in 2008
World Bank Classification criteria for Middle Income Countries (MICs)
GNI per Capita is between $976 and $11,906 in 2008
World Bank Classification criteria for Upper Middle Income Countries (UMICs)
More than $11,906 in 2008
is a unique assembly among governments of 37 member states with established market economies working with each other, as well as with more than 70 non-member economies to promote economic growth, prosperity, and sustainable development
The OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
When did the United Nations introduced the terms “developed” and “underdeveloped”, a common division of the world used particularly in analytical purposes based on the concept of human development.
1993
The human development indicators which include
Life Expectancy, Health Profile, Shelter, Sanitation, Fuel, Education and Literacy, Crime, Personal Distress, Careers/Jobs and Political Participation
Top Ten Countries in HDI Rankings UN Human Development Report
- Norway
- Switzerland
- Ireland
- Germany
- Hong Kong
- Australia
- Iceland
- Sweden
- Singapore
- Netherlands
Bottom Ten in HDI Rankings UN Human Development Report
- Mozambique
- Sierra Leone
- Burkina Faso
- Eritrea
- Mali
- Burundi
- South Sudan
- Chad
- Central African Republic
- Niger
Another widely used classification of nations is that of the least developed countries. A
designation used by the United Nations that indicates that as of 2018 it included
47 countries, 34of them in Africa, 8 in Asia, 3 from Oceania plus Haiti.
For inclusion in the Least Developed Countries, a country has to meet each of three criteria
low income, low human capital and high economic vulnerability
