Ch. 7 - Digital Divide

Question 1

As of last December 2017 the Internet
was being utilized by

Answer 1

over 4.1 billion people worldwide.

Question 2

Who is the social-sciences researcher who published a research entitled The Rise of Network Society

Answer 2

Manuel Castells (1996)

Question 3

Who wrote “The World is Flat”, where there were three globalizations defined

Answer 3

Thomas Friedman (2005)

Question 4

This globalization occurred from 492 until about 1800. In this era globalization was centered on
countries. It was all about how a country has how much horsepower, wind power, and
steam power and how it was deployed creatively. The world became smaller, it shrank
from “large” to medium.”

Answer 4

Globalization 1.0

Question 5

This globalization occurred in the year 1800 until 2000, it was interrupted only by the World Wars I and II. In this era, the multinational companies became the dynamic force driving change. The world became even smaller, from size “medium” to size “small.”

Answer 5

Globalization 2.0

Question 6

is the era where we live now. It began in the year 2000. The confluence of the different improvements in personal computer, the emergence of the software and fiber-optic Internet connections, has made a “flat-world platform”. It is called as such for it allows individual and small groups to go global. The world has become even smaller from “small” to “tiny.”

Answer 6

Globalization 3.0

Question 7

According to Friedman, globalization 3.0 was made possible, in many aspects, by the rise of information technology. Some of these include:

Answer 7

Graphical user interface for the personal computer.

Question 8

Graphical user interface was popularized in

Answer 8

the late 1980s

Question 9

He published the Book - World 3.0

Answer 9

Economist Pankaj Ghemawat

Question 10

What is the Global Firm

Answer 10

The new age of globalization permitted virtually almost all businesses to become global.

Question 11

The vision of Castells in working as one unit on an international scale in real time can become a reality. Some of the great advantages of the Global Firm are the following.

Answer 11

1. Ability to find expertise and labor around the globe
2. Ability to operate all 24 hours within the day
3. Larger and bigger market for their products

Question 12

In order to take the great advantage of the possibilities of The Global Firm, companies need to bear in mind that there are also difficulties in dealing with employees and customer from different cultures. Some of these difficulties include:

Answer 12

1. Differences in Infrastructure
2. Labor laws and rules
3. Legal restrictions
4. International shipping

Question 13

As the Internet continues to make intrusion across the world, it is also creating a great separation between those who have access and connection to this international network and those who do not and cannot. This separation is termed

Answer 13

Digital Divide

Question 14

(True or False) The digital divide may occur between and among countries, regions, or even neighborhoods in small communities.

Answer 14

True, in many US cities, there are places with little or no Internet access, but just a
few miles away high-speed broadband is very common.

Question 15

Person who broke digital divide into three stages

Answer 15

Web-usability consultant Jakob Nielsen (2006)

Question 16

Three stages of Digital Divide

Answer 16

1. Economic Divide
2. Usability Divide
3. Empowerment Divide

Question 17

This is what others call the digital divide. The ______________ is the notion that some individuals can afford to purchase a computer and Internet access while other people cannot. Because of Moore’s Law (see Chapter 2), the cost of hardware has continued to become lower and, at this point, we can now gain access to digital technologies, such as smartphones and the like. Nielsen insists that for all intentions and purposes, the economic divide is a point and we should not focus all of our resources in trying to solve it.

Answer 17

Economic Divide

Question 18

is all about the fact that “technology is still so complicated that many people cannot or did not know how to use a computer even if they have one for free.” And even for those who knows and can use a computer, getting all the benefits of having a computer is beyond their understanding. Included in this group of people are those who are illiterate and senior citizens. According to him, we know how to help these people, but we are not doing it for the reason that there is little or no profit in doing so.

Answer 18

Usability Divide

Question 19

is the most complicated to solve. It is concerned with how we use advance technology in order to empower ourselves. Few users truly comprehend the potential and power that digital technologies can possibly give them. Nielsen explains in his article that his and others’ research has proven that very few users provide content to the Internet, or even use advanced search, or can distinguish paid search ads from organic search results. Many people will just limit what they can do online through accepting the default settings or the basic of their computer and not work to understand how they can truly be empowered.

Answer 19

Empowerment Divide

Question 20

Who is the host of Internet World Stats

Answer 20

Miniwatts Marketing Group

Question 21

Miniwatts Marketing Group, in addition to Nielsen’s three digital divides, sees the following concerns:

Answer 21

1. Social Mobility
2. Democracy
3. Economic Growth