ch2 Flashcards
type 1 muscle fibers
slow twitch
type 1 slow twitch muscle fibers
smaller size, fatigue slowly
contain large number of capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin
allows for improved delivery of oxygen
long-term contractions (stabilization)
less force produced
type 2 muscle fibers
fast twitch
type 2 fast twitch muscle fibers
larger size, fatigue quickly
quick to produce maximal tension
less capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin
decreased oxygen delivery
more force produced
short-term contractions (force and power)
motor unit
one motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with; all or nothing law
neural activation
contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
ACh
acetylcholine
stimulates muscle fibers to go through series of steps to initiate muscle contractions
local stabilization system
attach directly to vertebrae
transverse abdominis, internal oblique, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm
global stabilization system
attach from pelvis to spine
quadrates lumobrum, psoas major, external oblique, rectus abdominis, gluteus medium, adductor complex, portions of internal oblique
movement system
attach spine and/or pelvis to extremities
latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstring complex, quadriceps
skeletal system
supports, protects, allows bodily movement, produces blood, stores minerals
axial skeleton
skull, rib cage, vertebral column
80 bones
appendicular skeleton
upper and lower extremities, shoulder and pelvic girdles
126 bones
pelvic girdle= link between 2 skeletons
major joint motions
roll, slide, spin
