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CompTIA ITF+ FC0-U61 > CH15 > Flashcards

CH15 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following programming languages requires a compiler?

A. Assembly
B. Linux Bash
C. Microsoft PowerShell
D. C

A

D. C

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2
Q

Which SDLC phase involves the use of flow charts?

A. Deployment
B. Maintenance
C. Coding
D. Design

A

D. Design

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3
Q

You are creating a function that must return either a True or False. Which data type should the function return?

A. Boolean
B. Integer
C. Character
D. String

A

A. Boolean

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4
Q

Which term describes running an action against an object variable?

A. Property
B. Method
C. Debugging
D. Boolean

A

B. Method

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5
Q

You are working with a file system objects in your code. You need to determine the modification timestamp for a file. What should you reference?

A. Property
B. Method
C. Constant
D. Variable

A

A. Property

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6
Q

You are using the C programming language to create a software solution. A single variable must be tested for multiple possible values. Which programming construct should you use to achieve this?

A. IF
B. Select Case
C. While
D. Switch

A

D. Switch

In the C Programming Language, the Switch statement is best suited for testing a single variable for multiple values.

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7
Q

Your code needs to execute the same code for each month of the year, so 12 times. Which type of loop is best suited for this?

A. Switch
B. IF
C. FOR
D. Assembly

A

C. FOR

When you know how many times a loop should execute, use a FOR loop.

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8
Q

Which of the SDLC phases is the shortest in duration?

A

Deployment

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9
Q

Which SDLC phase is the Longest in duration?

A

Coding

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10
Q

Which type of coding practice uses smaller code modules working together to support an application?

A

Microservices

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11
Q

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

A

6 Steps used by Software Developers to create and maintain software solutions. SDLC is also referred to as the Systems Development Life Cycle. One Factor that is CONSISTENT throughout ALL of the SDLC phases is SECURITY.

  1. Requirement Analysis & Planning
  2. Design
  3. Coding
  4. Testing
  5. Deployment
  6. Maintenance
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12
Q

Requirement Analysis and Planning?

A

Users of the Solution
Overall Purpose of the Solution
Data Inputs and Outputs
Legal and Regulatory Compliance
Encryption of Data at Rest and In Transit
Allocation of human and financial resources
Project Scheduling

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13
Q

Design?

A

Using the Requirement Specification Document from the first phase as a Guideline, software developers can MAP how inputs and outputs will be consumed and generated by the solution, this is often done using a series of Flowcharts.

Hardware Requirements - Designers must take into account which type of device the software solution will run on, and be accessible from. The amount of CPU power, RAM, disk space, and even graphics capabilities must be considered.

Software Requirements - There could be external dependencies on the other software. This holds true even when creating software that will be embedded within a chip; there might be additional external software components that must also be embedded within the chip for proper functionality.

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14
Q

Coding?

A

Project Planners allocate code development tasks to developers and development teams, and in turn, software developers write code using a programming language.

A modular or Microservices approach is often employed where code chunks, or modules, are created, each with their own specific functionality. The old method of creating a single large program is called Monolithic application.

The Coding phase is the Longest of all SDLC phases because it’s where the core of the solution is built.

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15
Q

Testing?

A

During initial software development and then as updates are created over time, code needs to be thoroughly tested to ensure its Stable, it is Secure, and it performs the required functions. Texting can be manual, automated, or a hybrid of both.

Many software developers will deploy a Test Sandbox environment consisting of Virtual Machines hosting web services, authentication servers, and database servers, mobile device simulators, and so on in a cloud environment because of the speed of deployment and low cost compared to acquiring physical hardware on-premises.

Unit Testing - Applied not to the entire software solution but to modules or chunks of code to test.

Regression Testing - is used to make sure new code changes haven’t broken code that worked previously.

Acceptance Testing - ensures that users of the system are satisfied with the solution and that it solves problems outlined in the Requirements Phase.

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16
Q

Deployment?

A

The shortest of the SDLC phases kicks in after successful testing, and it can be manual or automated.

In this phase, the software moves from Development and Testing into Production Environment and if you’re not responsible for software maintenance, then this is the last SDLC phase for you.

Deployment includes making the software available for downloading on a web site, available in a mobile device app store, or publishing it on an internal software distribution server on a corporate network.

Another aspect of Deployment is ensuring documentation and training are available for Users of the Solution.

17
Q

Maintenance?

A

If Applicable, software support mechanisms and communications channels should be made known to use during the deployment phase. This not only allows the product support but also provides a way for users to submit post deployment reviews and product enhancement requests, all of which fall under the maintenance phase.

As product enhancements and bug fixes are created, they are implemented as part of the maintenance phase through updates posted on web sites, in app stores, or via updates pulled down to user systems such as with Windows updates.

Applying Security updates and tracking Software Performance levels is also part of the maintenance phase.

18
Q

The difference between Scripted VS Compiled Code?

A

Scripting is normally used by IT administrators to automate repetitive administrative tasks, whereas Compiled Programs are more formal, larger programs that solve more complex problems.

19
Q

Assembly Programming Language Examples?

A

Assembly - Already in Machine Code - Thus making it Low-Level, talks directly to hardware instruction sets, useful for small programs or tools that need to talk directly to hardware.

20
Q

Compiled Programming Languages Examples?

A

C - Compiled - Case-Sensitive, general-purpose programming language.

Java - Compiled - Case-Sensitive, Cross-Platform, which means the same code will run on Windows, Linux, and macOS, requires a Java Machine (JVM) as an executable to run the code.

Graph API - Compiled - Can be used to read and write data to systems such as Microsoft Azure and Facebook; commonly used by software developers building mobile device apps.

21
Q

Interpreted Programming Language Examples?

A

Python - Interpreted - Case-Sensitive, generl-purpose programming language; used often in Windows, Unix, and Linux environments as well as for server-side web app code, requires python engine to run the code.

JavaScript - Interpreted - General-Purpose scripting language that runs on the client side within a web browser.

HTML - Interpreted - Hypertext Markup Language, uses tags to format web pages that are rendered in a client-side web browser.

XML - Interpreted - Extensible Markup Language, uses tags to describe and not format data, often used to exchange data between dissimilar systems over a network or through file importing and exporting.

SQL - Interpreted - Structured Query Language, used to ask questions about and to retrieve data from Relational Databases.

22
Q

Data Types?

A

Char - A Single Character
String - Collection of Characters
Byte - Small Numeric Data Type, varies between programming languages.
INT - Integer, whole number, some languages support short and long integers.
Float - Floating point, this data type can have DECIMAL pts.
DateTime - Stores date and time details as offset from a starting point that varies between languages.
Boolean - True or False, represented in many different ways.
Array - Container, stores items of the same type.
Vector - An Array type of VAR

23
Q

Constants?

Variables?

A

Constants - Custom names for UNCHANGING values (Constants) throughout their code if a programming or scripting language supports it.

Variables - Custom names for CHANGING values (Variables) throughout their code.

24
Q

Acronym: OOP?

A

Object-Oriented Programming - More complex and contain many different types of data. What’s consistent about Objects is that they consist of Properties and Methods.

25
Q

Properties?

Methods?

A

Properties - Contain DESCRIPTIVE information, otherwise called ATTRIBUTES. Each property has one or more Values.

Methods - Objects that have ACTIONS that can be run against them, such as deleting a file object, creating a new user account object, or starting a Windows service Object, are all Methods.

Objects = Properties-Attributes/Methods

26
Q

Loops?

A

Loops execute a series of programming statements zero or more times depending on how they are coded. Sometimes you’ll know how many times you need to run the same code, such as processing ten input fields on a web page, you could run Validation code ten times. Other times you won’t know how many times you need to run the same code, such as when processing however many fields might exist in a subdirector.

IF - a certain condition is met within a loop, the code can Branch Out, or go to a different section of code to continue execution.

27
Q

Loop Types?

A

FOR - Common loop type, you can specify any time of variable or condition that determines how many times the code within the loop executes.

WHILE - Tests a condition, and While the condition is TRUE, the code within the loop executes.

28
Q

Functions?

A

Uses a name to refer to a chunk of code, and it lends itself nicely to code reusability.

CompTIA ITF+ FC0-U61 (18 decks)

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